Complex rupture processes of large strike-slip earthquakes and receiver function analysis of crust and upper mantle in active tectonic settings
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 400158
- Danışmanlar: DR. SUSAN L. BECK
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Jeofizik Mühendisliği, Geophysics Engineering
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2007
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: The Unıversıty Of Arızona
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: Belirtilmemiş.
Özet
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Özet (Çeviri)
This dissertation explores the uses for data collected at broadband seismic stationsto investigate source process of large strike-slip earthquakes and crust and upper mantlestructure within active continental tectonic settings. First, we analyzed rupturemechanism of the 2002 Denali earthquake (M = 7.9) and the 2001 Kunlun earthquake (M= 7.8) using teleseismic P waveforms. According to our results, the Denali earthquakebegan with initial thrusting and later ruptured a 300-km-long segment with a right-lateralstrike-slip mechanism. In contrast, the Kunlun earthquake nucleated along an extensionalstep-over with a complex mechanism and later ruptured a 350-km-long segment with aleft-lateral mechanism. Both earthquakes have source properties similar to interplateearthquakes and display strong directivity and slip heterogeneity suggesting that themiddle fault segments are weaker.Next, we applied receiver function techniques to image the crust and upper mantlebeneath active tectonic regions. In central Tibet, we found strong seismic anisotropy thatchanges with depth. Especially, mid-crustal anisotropy is consistent with a nearhorizontalrock fabric induced by crustal flow. Near the San Andreas Fault in Parkfield,crust is relatively thin (26 km) and characterized by high Vp/Vs (1.88). At the base of thecrust, receiver functions indicate strong anisotropy in a low velocity, high Vp/Vs,serpentinite layer that is most likely a fossilized fabric of Farallon plate subduction.Beneath the East Anatolian Plateau, our analysis reveals a thin crust (<45 km) consistentwith the high plateau supported by hot partially molten asthenosphere near the crust.Vp/Vs values are low at the Bitlis suture and high within the plateau due to partialmelting. Seismic imaging of 410 and 660 km discontinuities also reveals anticorrelatedtopography and distinct zones of diminished amplitude associated with detached slabsand delaminated fragments of lithospheric mantle. In the south, slab becomes deeper andhorizontally deflected towards east suggesting westward migration of slab detachmentand resistance to slab penetration at 660 km discontinuity. At the center of the study area,the transition zone is thin (230 km) and indicates the presence of warm mantle within thetransition zone beneath the plateau.
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