Tuberculosis in cattle (M. caprae) in the years 2009-2014: Pathomorphology and histological demonstration of mycobacteria in bovine tuberculosis
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 403409
- Danışmanlar: Prof. Dr. WALTER HERMANNS
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Zooloji, Zoology
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2016
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 214
Özet
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Özet (Çeviri)
Several outbreaks of bovine tuberculosis, caused by M. caprae, occurred in the years between 2009 and 2014 in some cattle herds of Bavaria, Germany. The suspected cattle were investigated in context of the regulations of Germany. Following the culling, tissue samples including lung, liver, small intestine, their regional lymph nodes, and retropharyngeal lymph node were collected from 84 cattle for the further bacteriological and pathomorphological investigations. The organs were evaluated macroscopically and light-microscopically. Furthermore, mycobacteria and mycobacterial antigens were demonstrated using acid-fast staining and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The ultrastructural demonstration of bacteria was carried out using semi-thin sections, in which the mycobacterial antigens were demonstrated by postembedding-immunohistochemistry. Macroscopic alterations were associated with five patterns. Pattern I were typical layered tubercles with a larger diameter (up to 2.4 cm), they appeared single or in low numbers. Pattern II showed numerous small (up to 0.5 cm) layered tubercles. Pattern III had no clearly discernible structure and pattern IV consisted of extensive caseous necrosis. Pattern V were cavities emerging from liquefaction of caseous necrosis, especially in the lung; exclusively to the lung an additional acute exudative type of inflammation was observed. The histological alterations were divided into four types. Type 1 predominantly consisted of non-layered accumulations of epithelioid cells and multinucleated giant cells. The type 2 corresponded to the classical layered tubercle and therefore paralleled the macroscopic patterns I and II. Type 3 showed disordered collections of fibre-rich fibrous tissue, foci with epithelioid cells, and with caseation necrosis, according to the pattern III. The type 4 had extensive, poorly restricted caseous foci analogous to pattern IV. The distribution of the tuberculous lesions in the different organs and lymph nodes revealed that the most important route of infection was the alimentary tract (68%), followed by the aerogenous infection (19%). A combination of both routes of infection was present in 13% of the cases. The acid-fast staining revealed that the numbers of detectable bacteria in the most of the infectious foci was very low. Caseation and calcification showed the highest amounts; single acid-fast bacteria regularly occurred in the multinucleated giant cells, and only sporadically in epithelioid cells. No bacteria could be detected outside of the inner inflammatory zone of the tubercles. The immuohistochemical demonstration of mycobacterial antigens was positive in caseous foci, in epithelioid and multinucleated cells as well as in cells, which were found in the tubercles individually lying between the lymphocytes in the outside areas. Mycobacteria could be demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy. The reliable detection of mycobacterial DNA by in situ hybridization failed.
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