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Bağlantısızlık hareketinin tarihsel gelişimi içinde Yugoslavya'nın yeri: Josip Broz Tito dönemi

Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.

  1. Tez No: 22316
  2. Yazar: DENİZ ÖZMEN
  3. Danışmanlar: PROF. DR. TÜRKKAYA ATAÖV
  4. Tez Türü: Doktora
  5. Konular: Uluslararası İlişkiler, International Relations
  6. Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
  7. Yıl: 1992
  8. Dil: Türkçe
  9. Üniversite: Ankara Üniversitesi
  10. Enstitü: Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
  11. Ana Bilim Dalı: Uluslararası İlişkiler Ana Bilim Dalı
  12. Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  13. Sayfa Sayısı: 384

Özet

Özet yok.

Özet (Çeviri)

S U M M A R Y The Kingdom of Yugoslavla was founded at the end of the First World War, on December l, 1918. Serbia was the dominant power in the Kingdom comprising ethnically different regions like Serbia, Crotia, Slovenia, Bosnia-Hercegovina and Montenegro. Serbians were repressing the other national groups in the name of the unity of the Kingdom of South Slavs. The Kingdom was an undeveloped and a semi-colonial country with an economy largely dependant on agricultural production. The majority of the peasantry, which constituted the main social segraent of the Yugoslav society, was in great poverty. Further, unegual economic development among the different regions of the country deteriorated the relations among the Yugoslav peoples. The slow pace of industrialisation yielded to a weak working class which was an important social base for the communist movement. Nevertheless, the Yugoslav Cummunist Party gained a limited but firm ground ali över Yugoslavia. The national tensions, political parties with short-sighted policies, failure of the administration in creating a relatively democratic monarchy and the great destitution fell upon the vast majority of the Yugoslavs contributed to the slow but determined progress of the YCP. in the second half of the 1930s, J.B. Tito gained distinction in the ranks of the Party and by putting an end to fractional370 disputes and uniting the Party, formally assumed charge of the Party in January 1939. Encouraged by France, Yugoslavia founded in 1921 the Little Antente with Czechoslovakia and Roumania, in order to protect herself from neighbours like Italy which had territorial claims on her soil. After the assassination of King Alexander in 1934, the rapprochement between France and Italy forced Yugoslavia to seek a“neutrality”policy. But this policy did not prevent the invasion of the country by the German, Italian and Bulgarian armies in 1941. During foreign occupation in the Second World War, two majör resistance movements developed in Yugoslavia. While the Chetniks, under the leadership of Draza Mihajlovic, had the support of the Royal Yugoslav Government in exile in London and for a considerable time that of the Allied Powers, the Partisan movement was organised by the YC'P with the hope of receiving military aid from Soviet Union. in the first years of the war, the Soviet Union officially recognised the Chetniks as the main resistance movement and criticized the Partisans for being openly communist, urged YCP to collaborate with the Chetniks and deplored the formation of the Proletarian Brigades by the YCP. in the course of the resistance struggle when the Partisans gained strength and popularity and when the close relations of the Chetniks with the occupying German army became very much obvious, the Allies shifted their support from Mihajlovic to Tito. The Soviet Union's efforts to restrict the actions of the YCP, belated Soviet military assistanceS U M M A R Y The Kingdom of Yugoslavla was founded at the end of the First World War, on December l, 1918. Serbia was the dominant power in the Kingdom comprising ethnically different regions like Serbia, Crotia, Slovenia, Bosnia-Hercegovina and Montenegro. Serbians were repressing the other national groups in the name of the unity of the Kingdom of South Slavs. The Kingdom was an undeveloped and a semi-colonial country with an economy largely dependant on agricultural production. The majority of the peasantry, which constituted the main social segraent of the Yugoslav society, was in great poverty. Further, unegual economic development among the different regions of the country deteriorated the relations among the Yugoslav peoples. The slow pace of industrialisation yielded to a weak working class which was an important social base for the communist movement. Nevertheless, the Yugoslav Cummunist Party gained a limited but firm ground ali över Yugoslavia. The national tensions, political parties with short-sighted policies, failure of the administration in creating a relatively democratic monarchy and the great destitution fell upon the vast majority of the Yugoslavs contributed to the slow but determined progress of the YCP. in the second half of the 1930s, J.B. Tito gained distinction in the ranks of the Party and by putting an end to fractional370 disputes and uniting the Party, formally assumed charge of the Party in January 1939. Encouraged by France, Yugoslavia founded in 1921 the Little Antente with Czechoslovakia and Roumania, in order to protect herself from neighbours like Italy which had territorial claims on her soil. After the assassination of King Alexander in 1934, the rapprochement between France and Italy forced Yugoslavia to seek a“neutrality”policy. But this policy did not prevent the invasion of the country by the German, Italian and Bulgarian armies in 1941. During foreign occupation in the Second World War, two majör resistance movements developed in Yugoslavia. While the Chetniks, under the leadership of Draza Mihajlovic, had the support of the Royal Yugoslav Government in exile in London and for a considerable time that of the Allied Powers, the Partisan movement was organised by the YC'P with the hope of receiving military aid from Soviet Union. in the first years of the war, the Soviet Union officially recognised the Chetniks as the main resistance movement and criticized the Partisans for being openly communist, urged YCP to collaborate with the Chetniks and deplored the formation of the Proletarian Brigades by the YCP. in the course of the resistance struggle when the Partisans gained strength and popularity and when the close relations of the Chetniks with the occupying German army became very much obvious, the Allies shifted their support from Mihajlovic to Tito. The Soviet Union's efforts to restrict the actions of the YCP, belated Soviet military assistanceS U M M A R Y The Kingdom of Yugoslavla was founded at the end of the First World War, on December l, 1918. Serbia was the dominant power in the Kingdom comprising ethnically different regions like Serbia, Crotia, Slovenia, Bosnia-Hercegovina and Montenegro. Serbians were repressing the other national groups in the name of the unity of the Kingdom of South Slavs. The Kingdom was an undeveloped and a semi-colonial country with an economy largely dependant on agricultural production. The majority of the peasantry, which constituted the main social segraent of the Yugoslav society, was in great poverty. Further, unegual economic development among the different regions of the country deteriorated the relations among the Yugoslav peoples. The slow pace of industrialisation yielded to a weak working class which was an important social base for the communist movement. Nevertheless, the Yugoslav Cummunist Party gained a limited but firm ground ali över Yugoslavia. The national tensions, political parties with short-sighted policies, failure of the administration in creating a relatively democratic monarchy and the great destitution fell upon the vast majority of the Yugoslavs contributed to the slow but determined progress of the YCP. in the second half of the 1930s, J.B. Tito gained distinction in the ranks of the Party and by putting an end to fractional370 disputes and uniting the Party, formally assumed charge of the Party in January 1939. Encouraged by France, Yugoslavia founded in 1921 the Little Antente with Czechoslovakia and Roumania, in order to protect herself from neighbours like Italy which had territorial claims on her soil. After the assassination of King Alexander in 1934, the rapprochement between France and Italy forced Yugoslavia to seek a“neutrality”policy. But this policy did not prevent the invasion of the country by the German, Italian and Bulgarian armies in 1941. During foreign occupation in the Second World War, two majör resistance movements developed in Yugoslavia. While the Chetniks, under the leadership of Draza Mihajlovic, had the support of the Royal Yugoslav Government in exile in London and for a considerable time that of the Allied Powers, the Partisan movement was organised by the YC'P with the hope of receiving military aid from Soviet Union. in the first years of the war, the Soviet Union officially recognised the Chetniks as the main resistance movement and criticized the Partisans for being openly communist, urged YCP to collaborate with the Chetniks and deplored the formation of the Proletarian Brigades by the YCP. in the course of the resistance struggle when the Partisans gained strength and popularity and when the close relations of the Chetniks with the occupying German army became very much obvious, the Allies shifted their support from Mihajlovic to Tito. The Soviet Union's efforts to restrict the actions of the YCP, belated Soviet military assistanceS U M M A R Y The Kingdom of Yugoslavla was founded at the end of the First World War, on December l, 1918. Serbia was the dominant power in the Kingdom comprising ethnically different regions like Serbia, Crotia, Slovenia, Bosnia-Hercegovina and Montenegro. Serbians were repressing the other national groups in the name of the unity of the Kingdom of South Slavs. The Kingdom was an undeveloped and a semi-colonial country with an economy largely dependant on agricultural production. The majority of the peasantry, which constituted the main social segraent of the Yugoslav society, was in great poverty. Further, unegual economic development among the different regions of the country deteriorated the relations among the Yugoslav peoples. The slow pace of industrialisation yielded to a weak working class which was an important social base for the communist movement. Nevertheless, the Yugoslav Cummunist Party gained a limited but firm ground ali över Yugoslavia. The national tensions, political parties with short-sighted policies, failure of the administration in creating a relatively democratic monarchy and the great destitution fell upon the vast majority of the Yugoslavs contributed to the slow but determined progress of the YCP. in the second half of the 1930s, J.B. Tito gained distinction in the ranks of the Party and by putting an end to fractional370 disputes and uniting the Party, formally assumed charge of the Party in January 1939. Encouraged by France, Yugoslavia founded in 1921 the Little Antente with Czechoslovakia and Roumania, in order to protect herself from neighbours like Italy which had territorial claims on her soil. After the assassination of King Alexander in 1934, the rapprochement between France and Italy forced Yugoslavia to seek a“neutrality”policy. But this policy did not prevent the invasion of the country by the German, Italian and Bulgarian armies in 1941. During foreign occupation in the Second World War, two majör resistance movements developed in Yugoslavia. While the Chetniks, under the leadership of Draza Mihajlovic, had the support of the Royal Yugoslav Government in exile in London and for a considerable time that of the Allied Powers, the Partisan movement was organised by the YC'P with the hope of receiving military aid from Soviet Union. in the first years of the war, the Soviet Union officially recognised the Chetniks as the main resistance movement and criticized the Partisans for being openly communist, urged YCP to collaborate with the Chetniks and deplored the formation of the Proletarian Brigades by the YCP. in the course of the resistance struggle when the Partisans gained strength and popularity and when the close relations of the Chetniks with the occupying German army became very much obvious, the Allies shifted their support from Mihajlovic to Tito. The Soviet Union's efforts to restrict the actions of the YCP, belated Soviet military assistance377 founders of the movement, especially Yugoslavia and India, were worried because of the radical wordings of the resolutions which they thought undermined the bargaining power of the non-aligned movement at the international fora. Leaders of these countries also urged that summits should focus on global issues and problems faced by the Third World countries and that the controversial and bilateral matters should not be included in the agenda. At the Fifth Summit, mostly as a result of the efforts by the Yugoslav delegation the non-aligned countries decided to call for a U.N. General Assembly Special Session on Disarmament. At the Colombo Summit the membership and functions of the Coordination Bureau was also increased. At this summit Tito played a unifying role as the only living founder of the movement. At the Sixth Non-Aligned Countries Summit, held in Havana, (September 3-9, 1979), Cuba tried hard to secure the endorsement of Soviet Union's natural ally status by using the advantage of being the host country to the meeting. Tito confronted the manoeuvres of Cuba's leader F. Castro and other radical leaders who were trying to align the move ment with the Socialist Bloc. At the Havana Summit non- alignment movement came to the edge of division. At the end of intense negotiations, Cuba and the radical wing of the movement withdrew from their position of persistence on the 'natural ally' thesis. However, according to the established practice the presidency of the movement was handed over to Cuba for the next three years.378 The Cyprus Question was first brought into the agenda of the non-aligned movement at its Cairo Summit by Archbishop Makarioş, the leader of the Greek -Cypriot administration. In the resolutions of the non-aligned summits, the issue was dealt with bias by favouring the arguments of Greek-Cypriots, though some rights of the Turkish-Cypriots were also mentioned. Yugoslavia backed this one-sided approach to the matter. According to the official interpretation of the country's foreign policy, Yugoslav non-alignment was the reflection of its internal system, s elf -management. As a social and political system, self-management was developed by Yugoslav leadership after the' country's dismissal from the Socialist Bloc. The main criticism against Yugoslav self- management was that it could not prevent the emergence of a new ruling class and it was unable to cope with the ethnic tensions among different nationalities of Yugoslavia. In 1991, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia collapsed after a bloody civil war. y

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