Output interference and strength based mirror effect in recognition memory
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 400450
- Danışmanlar: AMY H. CRISS
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Psikoloji, Psychology
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2012
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: Syracuse University
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Psikoloji Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 152
Özet
Özet yok.
Özet (Çeviri)
The strength based mirror eect (SBME) refers to higher hit rates and lower false alarmrates for strongly encoded items. The SBME has been explained by two alternativemechanisms: dierentiation and criterion shift. The dierentiation account posits that asthe memory traces are strengthened, the memory for the items is less noisy and thereforeare less confusable with the stored memory traces. The criterion shift account, on the otherhand, suggests that the tendency to endorse a test item diers between strong and weaktest lists. When participants receive a test after studying a strong list of items, theyrequire more evidence to endorse an item. This account suggests that the SBME isobserved due to the decision processes rather than memory. One strong piece of evidencefor the criterion shift account is that the SBME is observed after studying a mixed list inwhich half of the items are strengthened and the other half are not. The dierentiationmechanism can not account for the SBME observed after a mixed study list. However,recent ndings of output interference (OI) in recognition memory have been explained byencoding at retrieval, which suggest that dierentiation can also take place at retrieval.This suggests a third possible explanation for the SBME might be encoding duringretrieval. In a series of experiments, we investigated the eect of strengthening items atstudy on OI in pure and mixed list paradigms. The results from the pure list paradigm(Experiment 1) showed both OI and the SBME as well as an interaction between OI andthe SBME, as the item-noise models predicted. The results from the mixed list paradigm(Experiment 2-4) showed that the SBME was observed only when participants wereinformed of the strength of the list that they would be tested on. This nding addsconstraints to the criterion shift account which states that participants shift their criterionto endorse a test item according to the type of the test list and that shift in the criterioncauses the SBME. These results suggest that both criterion shift and dierentiationaccount could be playing a role in the SBME after studying pure lists, and that onlycriterion shift account plays a role in SBME after studying a mixed list, but only whenparticipants are explicitly aware of the testing conditions.
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