Implementation of a localization system for sensor networks
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 401274
- Danışmanlar: PROF. JAN M. RABAEY
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Elektrik ve Elektronik Mühendisliği, Electrical and Electronics Engineering
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2006
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: University of California Berkeley
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 171
Özet
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Özet (Çeviri)
Localization is very important for self-con¯guring wireless sensor networks. There are two main tasks to performing localization. Assuming availability of reference points, ¯rst the relationships to the reference points are established; in this thesis this relationship is the distance to the reference point. Second, using the reference point positions and the relations to these points, an algorithmic computation is carried out to compute the position. In the existing body of research on sensor network localization, the algorithmic aspects of this ¯nal position calculation have received the most attention. However there remain signi¯cant implementation issues related to both distance measurements and algorithmic computations. In this thesis the implementation issues regarding a sensor network localization system is studied along with some examples. In the ¯rst half, the implementation of a distributed, least-squares-based localization algorithm is presented. Low power and energy dissipation are key requirements for sensor networks. An ultra-low-power and dedicated hardware implementation of the localization system is presented. The cost of ¯xed-point implementation is also investigated. The design is implemented in a 0.13¹ CMOS process. It dissipates 1.7mW of active power and 0.122nJ/op of active energy with a silicon area of 0.55mm2. The mean calculated location error due to ¯xed-point implementation is shown to be 6%. In the second part, a radio frequency(RF) signal based Time of Flight (ToF) measuring ranging system for wireless sensor networks is proposed, designed and prototyped. The prototype measurement error is within -0.5m to 2m while operat- ing at 100Msps sampling rate and using a 50MHz signal in the 2.4GHz ISM band. The system accuracy is limited by the sampling rate and can be linearly improved with increasing rates. This RF method is more cost e®ective than acoustic signal based ranging schemes, as it does not require ultrasonic transducers. The system is multipath resilient and can coexist with 2.4GHz band devices such as 802.11b/g networks. The estimated power consumption for the digital baseband is 2.35mW and its estimated area 0.25mm2 in a 90nm CMOS process.
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