Estimation of evaporative losses in pan evaporation experiments using stable isotope composition of water and vapours, and evaporation control methods
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 772206
- Danışmanlar: DR. GREG SKRZYPEK, DR. JİM MCCALLUM
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Su Ürünleri, Coğrafya, Deniz ve Sualtı Hekimliği, Aquatic Products, Geography, Marine and Underwater Medicine
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2021
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: Unıversıty Of Western Sydney
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: Belirtilmemiş.
Özet
Evaporative loss is a significant component of the water budget, and its quantification is important for groundwater recharge estimation, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. On the global scale, 40 % of the world land is classified as either arid or semi-arid, and 35 % of the world population dwells in those regions. Groundwater recharge is the only way to sustain the volume and meet the demand for groundwater usage. However, recharge determination is difficult and challenging in such regions. Evaporation loss estimation enables us to better understand groundwater recharge in regard to the water budget. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the evaporation rate originating from a ClassA evaporation pan, using the stable isotope composition of water and its vapours. My study is based on the Craig-Gordon model, which was the first estimation model using water isotopes (d18O and d2 H). Moreover, energy budget differences and an evaporation control method were investigated during the four experiments. Natural gravels and a chemical liquid named WaterGuard (produced by Aquatain Pty Ltd, Australia) were tested to see energy budget changes and evaporation loss mitigation. Natural gravels did not influence the evaporative loss because they keep the energy more than the pan surface. On the other hand, WaterGuard decreased the evaporation rate by more than 30 %, and WaterGuard with natural gravels prevented the loss by about 67 %. However, temperature, precipitation, and wind speed influence the WaterGuard. It has also been found that using the C-G model to estimate evaporative loss was sensitive to the isotope composition of ambient air moisture and relative humidity.
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