Sırat-ı Müstakim: Islamic modernist thought in the Ottoman Empire (1908-1912)
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 364307
- Danışmanlar: DOÇ. DR. ZAFER TOPRAK
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Sosyoloji, Tarih, Sociology, History
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 1987
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Tarih Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 405
Özet
Özet yok.
Özet (Çeviri)
The self-confidence of the Muslims was shakened, when they recognized their inability to resist the EuropeanChristian expansion, most of the Islamic countries having been annexed by the non-Muslim powers during the nineteenth century. This reality incited Muslims to think about their own state, about the reasons of such a development. A group of Muslim intellectuals in Egypt and India confessed the backwardness of the Islamic world, but stressed that the reason for the present state of Islam is the disobedience to the basic rules of Islam and the harmful innovations (bid'at) which penetrated the religion and spoiled its essence. According to them the basic rules of Islam in the Quran and Sunnah, Prophetic Tradition, are in harmony with reason, inciting the believers to benefit from the worldly life, to follow which means to progress. They explain the inert state of the Muslims of the present time and the ne gligence of the v:orldly life with the innovations originating mainly from Islamic mysticism, and the inability of Islam of the present time to conform to the change of time and conditions with the“closure of the gate of ictihad”, i. e . the abandonment of legal independent judgement. These intellectuals, called Islamic Modernists, defend that to return to the basic Islamic rules practised in the early period of Islam, to cleanse it from innovations, and to open the gate of ictihad will save the Muslims from annihilation and will open them the way of progress.The ideas told above contain the basic assertions of Islamic Modernist thought. We see in the Ottoman Empire the periodical S~rat-~ Mlistakim, appeared in the first years of the Second Constitutional Period, most of its contributors defending this modernist understanding of I slam. Polit ically they have strong ties with the Committee of Union and Progress, they defend the constitutional regime by using Islamic arguments, but are anxious to show the limits of political freedom and political participation Tor the subjects. Concerning the question of Westernization they defend the need to import natural sciences and technology from Europe to the Empire, but refuse to imitate European customs and way of life. Most of the contributors regard nationalism as a great threat to Islam. Their economic ideas reveal liberalist features, stress the need of private enterprise, but assert the moral-religious harms of sellins the goods for exorbitant prices, and instead, they defend the propriety of selling them for canonically lawful (hel&l) prices. About the matter of women's rights and family life all of the contributors express that the Islamic law, the Shariah acknowledges women various rights, that the Islamic rules concerning" women are in accordance with the natural characteristics of the female sex. S~rat-~ Mlis.takim can be regarded as one of tlie chief political periodicals appeared in the first years of the Second Constitutional Period.
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