Mimari tasarımda veri olarak kullanılmak üzere mimari çevrede doku analizi
The Analyse of texture in architectural environment in order yo provide datum for architectural design
- Tez No: 39738
- Danışmanlar: PROF.DR. HASAN ŞENER
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: İnşaat Mühendisliği, Civil Engineering
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 1994
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 173
Özet
ÖZET Kentlerin tarihsel birikimleri sonucu oluşan kültürel, sos yal, ekonomik ve politik etkilerin görsel ifadesi "Kentsel dokularadır. Kentsel dokuların (Mimari çevrenin) analizine yönelik tekniklerin irdelenerek bileşik ve çok boyutlu bir analiz yöntemi oluşturmak tezin problem alanını oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma beş bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci Bölümde; Doku kavramının tanımı ele alınmış ve irdelenmiştir. Ayrıca, dokunun ilişkili olduğu faktörler ile etkileşimi ve sonuçları ele alınmıştır. Bu etkenler; ışık-gölge ve doku birlikteli ği, renk ve doku etkileşimi, doku ve form ilişkileri olarak açıklanma ya çalışılmıştır. Dokunun, görsel algı ile ilişkisi nedeniyle insan ve psikolo ji, Geştalt kuramı, Öğrenme ve Algılama, Zihinsel Haritalar ve Çevre sel Anlam konuları irdelenmiştir. Bu bölümde ayrıca dokunun kullanım alanları incelenmiş ve özetienmeye çalışılmıştır. tkinci Bölümde; Mimari çevrede doku kavramı ele alınmış ve irdelenmiştir. Buna bağlı olarak, dokunun mimari çevrede; estetik bir gereksinme, fonksiyonel bir öğe ve algılamaya yardımcı bir etken olması açısından konuya yaklaşılmıştır. Öte yandan mimari çevreyi oluşturan görsel elemanlar, mimari çevre dokusunun algı alanları ve düzeyleri, mimari çevre doku sunun oluşum süreçleri ve doku analiz teknikleri ortaya konmuştur. Üçüncü bölümde; Tasarım süreci adımları ile mimari çevre dokusunun etkileşimi ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca tasarlama süreci problem leri, kentsel mekân tasarım teorileri, Kent-Mimarlık-Doku ilişkisi ile mimar doku etkileşimi mimari-kentsel çevrede dokunun yerini ortaya koymak açısından ele alınmıştır. Dördüncü bölümde; Mimari çevrede tasarımcıya veri sağla yacak bir analiz yöntemi önerilmiş ve sözkonusu yöntem Galata Bölge sinde uygulanmaya çalışılmıştır. Uygulama sonunda elde edilen analiz sonuçları görsel matrislerde kullanılmıştır. Beşinci bölümde; tezin sonuçları açıklanmaya çalışılmış ve mimari çevre dokusu üzerine elde edilen bulgular sunulmuştur. xı
Özet (Çeviri)
SUMMARY THE ANALYSE OF TEXTURE IN ARCHITECTURAL ENVIRON MENT IN ORDER TO PROVIDE DATUM FOR ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN The purpose of our thesis is to develope an architectural environment analyse method which contains many technics of analyse. The aim of this texture analyse method is to sustain an existing texture character of Architectural Environment. In the first chapter of thesis; The texture concept has explained with different viewpoints. Furthermore, the relationship between the texture concept and color, form, light-shadow, rules of composition has researched. As result of these relation some important datums have obtained. These can be explained as follow;. Color and Texture: Texture has a character ony with color and the visual quality of texture has increased by means of color. Furthermore contributions the visual quality of texture has different impressions with of color factor. Therefore, at the same time color is an important design tool which has effect on the visual quality of texture.. Form and Texture: Form occurs to texture, texture also occurs to form. Form and texture are powerful design tools which has created for visual image. The texture may change the visual image-of form.. Light and Texture: Light which has acted on texture occurs shadow on it and texture has perceived easly by means of light. This cooperation explains mission of the light about texture. Briefly, texture needs the light and shadow.. Rules of Composition and Texture: The texture requires some composition elements as follow for being. xu- Rhythm - Scale - Equilibrium - Harmony - Contrast - Ratio The visual effect of texture does not occur depend on only a factor, it requires many visual effect factors which are explained above. Conclusion, the formation of texture and its elements which have explained above, has illustrated in a graphic (The formation of Texture). SAME. SIMILAR. ELEMENTS COMPOSITION OF ELEMENTS' TEXTURE -(light) I DOMINANT ELEMENT (Figure) S C A L E I BACKGROUND (Ground) DOMINANT ELEMENT (Figure) * TEXTURE Figure 1: Period of Texture The texture concept has examined into two groups,. Regular textures. Irregular textures... XUlA review of major approaches to process of the action of human behaviour and texture reveals a number of important factors, such as Cognitive Maps, Theory of Geştalt, Environmental Meaning, Learning and Perception. In addition to this, the areas of texture using has explained under the some titles as follow,. Visual Arts. Architecture. Urban Planning. Materials of Construction Sector. Textile In the second chapter of thesis; the texture concept in Architectural Environment has described and the relationship between this concept and many factors which effect the texture concept in Architectural environment has examined. At the end of the many researchs about this concept three major factors which act on texture concept in Architectural Environment has found. These are,. The factor of aesthetic requirements. The factor of functional elements in Architectural Environment. The texture in Architectural Environment is a result of organisation positive and negative spaces. The texture in Architectural Environment is perceived at building, district, region and Urban levels. These perception levels have many different properties from each other depend on environmental scale. The texture in Architectural environment can be examined into two groups according to process of formation such as,. Natural and Using effects. Functional and Sociological requirements. The texture in architectural environment can be analysed by means of some certain analyse technics as follow xiv. Urban texture analyses - Figure and Ground Analyses - Facade Analyses. Space Syntax. City Image Analyses. Consecutive Images Analyses. Morphological Analyses. These analyse technics can be explained as below; - Urban texture analyse technics classified into two groups. The first one Figure-Ground; it is known as important urban texture analyse tool. The second one Facade Analyses; these are used to determine properties of buildings which belong to the texture of architectural environment. - Space Syntax: It has helped to identify the potential of development sites and to formulate the strategic design aims with respect to the configuration of public space. Furthermore, the visual depth of the texture in architectural environment, also can be analysed by means of this method. - City Image Analyses: This theory has developed by Kevin Lynch (1960). The aim of this type analyse is to research city image elements. The image elements which is known landmark, edge, node, district and path describe to general texture (or city image). - Consecutive Images Analyses: This type analyses research to effect of spatial scenes on the city image. - Morphological Analyses: In this type analyse approaches; The city and its spaces are examined till smaller parts. The texture of the architectural environment has analysed better than the other methods, by means of morphological analyses. Therefore, the morphological analyse technics can be tried to applicate on The Galata Region which is examined in application part of the thesis. In the third chapter of thesis, importance and using levels of the texture in architectural design process has explained. The design process consist of three steps such as, Analyse, Synthesis and Evaluation. According to this the texture in architectural xvenvironment is evaluated at step of analyse of the design process. Although, the results of analyse are the same, the product of design process is different from each other. The reasons of this difference are designers' capabilities and individual abilities. The concept of context should be understood and commented very well to sustain the texture in architectural environment. At the same time in the this part of the thesis; Urban design theories is explained. These are - Figure-Ground Theory - Linkage Theory - Place Theory These theories should be used together to obtain successful Urban Spaces. In the third chapter, furthermore, Relationship between city, Architecture and texture has examined under three main titles such as; The period of before Modern Architecture Movement, The period of early Modern Architecture Movement and the period of Post-Modern Movement. The philosophy of the period of before Modern Movement is summarized as follow sentence“The city should be considered as building, building should be considered as the city”. The main idea of early period of the Modern Movement Architecture is“Form, Follows, Function”. According to this approache psychological and aestetic requirements of human and concept of context can be neglected. The main faults of this thought are that reasons which were given above. In the Post-Modern architecture period, new solutions are looked for the faults of Modern Architecture. Aestetic and Psychological requirements are joined as important elements for designing process. In addition to this, Post-Modern Movement can be tried to establish a bridge that is conecting with past and future. Consuquently, Post-Modern Movement may be described as continuation of the Modern Architecture Movement. The fourth chapter of the thesis contains an analyse method which is used to analyse architectural environment texture, and its application. The method of analyse which is suggested in this part of hesis, has been examined in four steps. All of them which is given xvibelow complete each other. In another word the analyse method can not divided into parts. This method has carried meaning when it is used as totaly. The steps of the analyse methods are, - The step of literature research - The step of two-dimensional urban texture analyse - The step of three-dimensional urban texture analyse - The step of evaluation of conclusions. The results which is obtained from this steps can be evaluated in the visual matrises. This visual matrises that is obtained from morphological cards technic, allows to evaluate the results of steps, comparative. This analyse method is applicated on the Galata Region. Firstly, the progression of The Galata Region's architectural texture in historical period is researched from the literature. At the end of the this step; some gravurs, Silhouttes and photographs etc. about its residence characteristics are obtained. In the second step, the facades of building which exist in the Galata Region has analysed.In the analyses of the facade, the facade compotions, forms, dominant colors, and light-shadow relations have researched in The Galata Region, in order to provide datum for visual matrises and conclusions. In the fourth step, the results which is obtained from this three steps can be tried to fill the visual matrises. Visual matrises have been divided into two groups such as, two-dimensional matrises and three-dimensional matrises which consist of different criterias about texture. Thanks to visual matrises designers can have an opportunity to compare every result of texture analyse which belongs to The Galata Region. In another say, designer has been reached to facilities of having datum about architectural texture of The Galata Region. In the fifth chapter of thesis, the conclusions which are obtained from at the end of the work, has explained. Some suggestions has developed about education of Architecture (especially dealth with graduate education). Furthermore, this thesis can be used to progress concept of contex. For this reson, the thesis can be suggested to use in architecture education. xvu
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