Investigation of nanosecond and femtosecond pulsed laser deposition and application of some metal nanoparticle films
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 401360
- Danışmanlar: PROF. JAMES GERARD LUNNEY
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Fizik ve Fizik Mühendisliği, Physics and Physics Engineering
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2012
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: University of Dublin (Trinity College)
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 277
Özet
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Özet (Çeviri)
Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is a convenient and flexible technique which can be applied to all elemental and compound solids. In conventional PLD a nanosecond (ns) laser is used to ablate the surface of a solid target and a small amount of material expands rapidly from the target as an ionised vapour plume. Condensation of the plume on a non-wetting substrate, together with surface diffusion, leads to the formation of a nanoparticle film; the thickness is controlled by the number of laser pulses. On the other hand with femtosecond (fs) laser irradiation, very rapid heating leads to nanoscale fragmentation of a small amount of target material. Nanoparticles are expelled from the target and can be captured on a substrate. In the present work we have studied the ns- and fs-PLD of some noble and transition metals in vacuum for laser fluence well above the ablation threshold (∼1.5 J cm-2). A range of techniques such as Langmuir ion probe, the time and space resolved fast imaging and optical emission spectroscopy and electron microscopy was applied to characterize the laser ablation plumes and to study the morphology of nanoparticle films. The work can be divided into three parts. In the first part the ns- and fs-ablation plumes were characterized using a Langmuir ion probe to obtain the ion and the atom fluence. The ion and the atom fluence comparison show that for all metals the fs-ablation plume contains a small (~ 1-2 %) fraction of ionized material as compared to the ns-ablation. The morphology of nanoparticle films prepared using both deposition methods was also studied using scanning transmission electron microscopy. The size distribution analysis of nanoparticle films show that the average nanoparticle size for both, ns- and fs-PLD films increases with the equivalent thickness. In the second part the fs-ablation was studied using fast photography and time and space resolved optical emission spectroscopy. The results show that the plume consists of two distinct components, a fast atomic cloud leaving the target surface with velocity of a few km s-1 followed by a slower nanoparticle plume moving normal to the target surface with velocity almost 10 times smaller than the atomic cloud. The spectral radiance of nanoparticle plume was observed to be quite different for different materials. The final part presents the applications of metal nanoparticle films in the fields of optics and material science. This includes investigation of third order nonlinear optical properties of Au nanoparticles films (Im and Re(χ3)), the surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) using Ag nanoparticle films, the catalytic growth of carbon nanotubes (CNT) using Ni catalysts prepared by PLD and Au nanowire growth which is based on a surface energy driven phenomenon.
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