Exergy analysis of a 1000 megawatt pressurized water reactor and comparison between thorium and uranium fuel performance
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- Tez No: 518652
- Danışmanlar: Dr. DANIEL ROBERT KIRK
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Makine Mühendisliği, Mechanical Engineering
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2013
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: Florıda Instıtute Of Technology
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: Belirtilmemiş.
Özet
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Özet (Çeviri)
For economic prosperity, it is necessary to decrease carbon dioxide emissions, efficient and provide for efficient and clean power generation. To sustain sustainable energy future, nuclear energy can play a vital role for the United States which has a total of 104 nuclear reactors, 69 of which are pressurized water reactors (PWR). Even with intense research done by countries around the world, Gen IV nuclear reactors are still under research and not expected to be available commercially until 2030. In this study, mass-energy equivalence equation is applied to fission reaction that takes place in PWR to calculate the maximum theoretical fission power for a single U-235 atom. Fission power equation is applied to calculate the theoretical fission power that can be generated from a given effective volume of 9.81m3 Uranium dioxide. It has been calculated to be 3490 MW and maximum power that can be used by the cooling water has been calculated to be 2650.8 MW. Energy and exergy analysis is applied to calculate the overall power plant and and its components irreversibility. The effect of the ambient temperature on the performance of the overall power plant as well as the individual componenets has been studied with respect to exergetic efficiency. The most sensitive compoent is PWR reactor core. The exergetic efficiency was seen to decrease with increasing ambient temperature with a rate of 0.1% per 5℃. The overall PWR exergetic and Carnot efficiencies are compared and it has been concluded that Carnot efficiency is more sensitive than exergetic efficiency. The nuclear and thermo-physical properties of Uranium and Thorium based fuels have been compared. Based on the comparison, it is clear that U-233/Th-232 is more promising nuclear fuel option than U-235/U-238.
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