Kur'an'da meslekler
Professions in the holy Quran
- Tez No: 620760
- Danışmanlar: PROF. DR. ÖMER PAKİŞ
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Din, Religion
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2016
- Dil: Arapça
- Üniversite: Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Temel İslam Bilimleri Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Tefsir Bilim Dalı
- Sayfa Sayısı: 127
Özet
Şüphesiz ki helal yoldan kazanmak ve çalışmak dinimizde çok önemli bir davranış olarak görülmüştür. Nitekim Kur'an-ı Kerimde“kişiye ancak çalıştığının karşılığı vardır”buyuran yüce Allah bunun amacını ve önemini açıklamıştır. Öte yandan insanların gerek dünyevi gerekse dini işlerinde emsalsiz bir çaba serf eden İslâm dini tamamıyla haram ve yasak olan meslekleri de belirterek sürekli helal kazanca vurgu yapmaya çalışmıştır. Zira Hz. Peygamber“kuvvetli mümin zayıf müminden hayırlıdır”buyurarak özel anlamda tembellere de bir ihtar yapmıştır. Biz de“Kur'an'da Meslekler”başlığıyla ele aldığımız tezimizde doğru ve faydalı iş ve meslekleri Kur'an ışığında değerlendirerek bazı objektif sonuçlara varmaya çalıştık.Dolayısıyla çalışmamızda değindiğimiz konuların bazılarını meslek ve tanımı, meslek anlamıyla orantılı ilgili lafızlar, meslekler ve islâmdaki konumu, peygamber ve Salihlerin mesleğe verdikleri önem, Kur'an-ı kerim ve sünneti nebevide mesleğe teşvik, kadın ve çalışma, yeme ve içme ile ilgili meslekler, giyim ile ilgili meslekler, geceleme ile ilgili meslekler, ziynet ve güzellikle ilgili meslekler, diğer meslekler, meslek ahlakı, ahlakin tanımı ve genel çerçevesi, ahlakın islâmdaki önemi, bazı belirtileri, güzel ve doğru niyet, aldatma, yemin etme ve stoklamadan kaçınma, şüphelerden sakınma, alım satım akdinde hoşgörülü davranma, güvenirlilik, haksız kazançtan korunma, tüm eylemlerinde hakka riayet etme, işini sağlam yapma ve iyilik ve çalışmada yardımlaşma şeklinde sıralayabiliriz. Buna ilaveten sağlıklı bir toplum hayatının oluşmasındaki en önemli ayağın ahlak konusu olduğuna da dikkat çekmeye çalıştık. Çünkü insan yapısı ve yaşamı gereği sürekli bir etkileşim ve iletişim halindedir. Bunun alış veriş ve meslek gibi kısımları maddi alanı kapsarken manevi boyutunu da inanç ve ahlâkkuramıoluşturur. Bu yüzden yaşanabilir bir ortamın oluşması ve bazı olumsuzlukların üstesinden gelinebilmesi için gerek birey gerekse toplum düzeyinde ahlaki ilkeleri kazanma ve ilerleme hususunda bazı öneri ve yaklaşımlara değinerek araştırmamızı noktalamaya çalıştık.
Özet (Çeviri)
Praise be to Allah, praise befits His Majesty, His perfection, and great dominion and peace and blessings be upon His perfectly creation prophet Muhammad peace be upon him and his family and companions and those followed them until the Day of judgment, then after: God has blessed His worshippers with this valuable religion which addresses earthly and eschatological issues in a comprehensible way including earning the standards of living. Islamic law has identified the professions and works which are forbidden. It also clarifies the importance of work and urged the professions. Professions have an important role in the life of the individual and nations. It builds the economy of societies and it also develops the nations in the industrial, agriculture and commercial sphere and other life spheres. Therefore, professions remain one of the factors that derive nations to progress and maintain its entity or statehood. The great importance that Islam attached to professions and its big impact on the life of individuals and societies, affected the study to be on such important topic which is Professions in Holy Quran, Objectivity study, to present how holy Quran gives a highest value to work and urged it and make it a mean of progress and prosperity and the reason for elevation of nations and their progress. Profession is any work that man requires physical or intellectual effort to do it, deeply engaged for his own benefit or for others. These professions need theoretical study and long training. There are words close to professions in meaning like craft, industry, work and pursuit earnings. Islam ordered people to work because it is a life necessity and which God expects from human being to build universe and this is only possible with working. Islam wants the individual to be an effective component of the humanitarian community and also wants him to be a positive and integrated in the environment for his and other's benefit. Messengers, peace be upon them, worked everyone according to his ability and companions, may Allah be pleased with them, were working. Islam scientists also care about working in the past and present because the work serves the demands and needs of human being. Holy Quran in many verses and hadith shows that work is the best way of earnings and Muslims has to work and earn their life necessities depending on themselves. Holy Quran has mentioned the most important professions to draw the attention of people in a Quranic context to confirm for Muslims the importance of these professions and their necessities in the life of individual and society. Quran has mentioned professions linked to eating and drinking such as: 1. Agriculture: is the planting of seeds in the land and taking care of it to grow and be harvested in the right time. 2. Hunting is the capturing of animals which cannot be raised in farms with hurtful means. It has some kinds such as wild hunting and fishing. 3. Grazing is to keep animals either by feeding to keep them alive or to keep them safe. 4. Butchering and who does the job is called butcher. 5. Watering is to provide water for pilgrims who come to Macca from all over the world. 6. Backing: the baker is the one who makes bread by kneading flour and putting in an oven till it becomes bread. There are some professions related to clothing such as: 1. Sewing is the profession of dressmaker who cuts the cloth to prepare readymade clothes using string and needle. 2. Tease: the person whose job is to deal with cotton and wool to produce apparels. 3. Weaver deals with processing yarn made from fiber and others to make cloth. 4. And tissues in various patterns. Weaving process make by annexation of the wrap to the weft. 5. Tanning: is processing animals' skin by removing stinking and humidity with some chemical to reserve it and makes it ready for use. Some professions are linked to housing like: 1. Building: is the knowledge of taking houses for living in cities and villages. 2. Blacksmithing and blacksmith is the one who heatsiron and hitting it to shape it according to their desire and get benefit from it. 3. Carpentry: it is processing the wood by cutting and breaking it for the manufacture of wood materials like doors, seats or building and furnishing a house or anything to earn his life necessity. Among the professions that linked to decoration like: 1. Sculpture: it includes stone cutting by a device which is considered Fine Arts and is based on carving stone, metal or other stuff and transforming it into a statues or dishes or paintings or others. 2. Framing is the processing of gold, silver and gems to make jewelry. 3. Pottery: is the processing of mud by kneading and cooking to make pottery dishes like tray and others. Quran has mentioned some other professions like trading, mailing and serving. At the end it is good to mention some profession ethics because moral is the secret of messenger's mission peace be upon him. They are: 1. Good intention and honesty. 2. Induction to avoid fraud, swearing and monopoly. 3. Fulfillment with measure, balance, promise and covenant. 4. Prevention of taking people's money in vanities. 5. Prevention of suspicions. 6. Tolerance in buying and selling and care of insolvent people. 7. Honesty. 8. Respect for time 9. Not cheating in work 10. Work perfection 11. Cooperation and volunteer in work.
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