To what extent does negotiation constitute in aneffective counter-terrorism strategy?The case of PKK
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 692547
- Danışmanlar: Belirtilmemiş.
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Siyasal Bilimler, Uluslararası İlişkiler, Political Science, International Relations
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2017
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: The University of Nottingham
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 58
Özet
Özet yok.
Özet (Çeviri)
The aim of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of negotiation as a counterterrorism strategy in the case of engaging with PKK. The study describes two methods of counterterrorism strategies: the deterrence-based and accommodative based ones, and argues that using deterrencebased strategies to tackle ethno-nationalist terrorist groups has not been outstandingly effective in previous cases and even more, they have in a way handed more power to the terrorist organization. In the case of PKK, the Turkish government has employed deterrence-based strategies on Kurdish population since its establishment, and the Kurdish issue is a deep-rooted problem that is indeed a longstanding one. Excluding Ozal, the AKP government was the first government that planned and started a negotiation process with PKK and believed that addressing the social, political and economic grievances of the Kurdish population was key to any resolution. In order to navigate the conflict, in 2007, the government initiated secret backchannel talks with Abdullah Ocalan, and in 2009, Prime Minister Erdogan publicly announced the Kurdish opening that aimed to respond to the grievances of the Kurds. In 2011, the secret backchannel talks were leaked to the public and the negotiation process ended. In 2013, the negotiation process restarted with Ocalan's peace letter that was publicly read to the Kurdish community in Nevruz celebrations. However, in 2015, PKK once again ended the ceasefire and the negotiation process altogether. This study analyzes the reasons for the failure of the peace process and argues that the peace process failed due to changing geopolitical dynamics in the Middle East, in which PYD gained the support of the Western countries by fighting ISIS and therefore earning symbolic legitimization as well as concrete economical support. Secondly, a successful negotiation process usually requires a successful backchannel talk process that produced a pre-agreement so that once the negotiation process becomes an open and public one, the concerns about the negotiation would likely be diminished and therefore do not produce a spoiler effect. In the case of the PKK peace process, because the backchannel talks were leaked, the secret negotiation process ended before any pre-agreement. Once the open negotiation process started, both sides were hesitant in Student ID: 4277572 iii taking further steps due to distrust on both sides caused by the leaks. The study also argues that another consequence of the leakage could be the economic gains of the PKK and its benefits of staying as an illegal organization. Lastly, the study contends that the Turkish government has had difficulty finding a valid representative throughout the peace process.
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