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Kartlı telefon ağı yerel yönetim birimi tasarımı

Payphone network local management unit

  1. Tez No: 83008
  2. Yazar: ESMA AKBAY
  3. Danışmanlar: PROF. DR. A. EMRE HARMANCI
  4. Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
  5. Konular: Bilgisayar Mühendisliği Bilimleri-Bilgisayar ve Kontrol, Computer Engineering and Computer Science and Control
  6. Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
  7. Yıl: 1999
  8. Dil: Türkçe
  9. Üniversite: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi
  10. Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
  11. Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  12. Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  13. Sayfa Sayısı: 89

Özet

ÖZET Ülkemizde kullanılan kartlı telefon ağı çevrimli bağlantı (off-line) kuran bir sistem olarak çalışmaktadır. Mevcut sistemde sürekli bir bağlantı olmadığı için belli bir anda yönetim sisteminden elde edilen bilgi sistemin son durumunu tam olarak yansıtmamaktadır. Bu ise sistemde oluşabilecek hataların ve sistemin güvenliği ile ilgili önlemlerin belli bir gecikme ile ele alınmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu sebeple sistemin güvenilirlik ve hızının arttırılması amacıyla kredi kartı ve kullanıcı (chip card) kart ile sabit (on-line) bağlantılı çalışacak bir kartlı telefon ağı tasarlanmıştır. Bu ağ kartlı telefonların bakım, kontrol ve yönetimini gerçekleştirecek, her türlü bilgiyi toplayıp istatistikleri tutacak ve banka ile olan iletişimi sağlayacak ve ağ güvenilirliğini sağlayacak yapıda tasarlanmıştır. Ağ her an kendi hakkında son bilgileri taşımaktadır. Kredi kartı ile yapılan konuşmalarda sorgulama ve ücretlendirme bilgisi transferi için banka ile irtibat halindedir. Kartlı telefonlar santrale telefon uygulama (PPAB) arabirimi üzerinden, PPAB '1er ise kartlı telefon ağı bölgesel yönetim birimine (RMS) yerel yönetim birimleri (NEMU) üzerinden bağlanmaktadır. Bölgesel yönetim sistemi, kendine bağlı bütün birimler hakkındaki son bilgileri taşır. Bölgesel yönetim birimleri ise daha üst seviyede bulunan ve tek olan ülke yönetim birimi tarafından yönetilmektedir. Bütün sistemi ilgilendiren veriler ülke yönetim biriminden dağıtılmaktadır. NEMU, kendine bağlı birimler için bir toplayıcı görevi görmektedir. Kendinde oluşan veya alt birimlerden gelen alarm ve durum değişikliklerini ve telefonlardan iletilen konuşma ve kart bilgilerini tamponlayarak bir üst birime aktarır. Ağ elemanlarından gelen bütün mesajları gerekli protokol dönüşümlerini yaparak ilgili birime yönlendirir. Kullanıcı kartlarının (chip card) ağ içinde güvenli kullanımını sağlayan güvenlik erişim birimi (SAM) sayesinde kart sorgulaması yapar. Bu çalışmada, NEMU adı verilen yerel yönetim birimi yazılımı yukarıda belirlenen fonksiyonları yerine getirecek şekilde tasarlanmış ve ilgili modüllerin ayrıntılı tanıtımı yapılmıştır. Özetle, tasarlanan NEMU birimi alt seviyedeki birimler için yönetim görevini üstlenecektir. NEMU, ayrıca kullanıcı kart (chip card) kullanımında, üzerindeki güvenlik birimi (SAM) sayesinde kart sorgulaması yaparak ağ güvenliğine katkıda bulunacaktır. vıı

Özet (Çeviri)

PAYPHONE NETWORK LOCAL MANAGEMENT UNIT SUMMARY It was designed On-line payphone network which shall support credit-cards (like VISA, Mastercard, etc.) and chip-cards. This network manages maintenance, control and management of all payphones. It collects of billing, alarms, tickets and statistics of payphones. It is also manages the bank connection for the credit card authorisation and billing info, (figure 1). PP - NETWORK BLOCK DIAGRAM ©? EXCHANGE DIAL-UP (T :- © (f (f Figure 1 Payphone network block diagram. The basic function of the payphone is to let a user make a chargeable telephone calls by means of prepaid chipcards and credit cards. The payphones is connected to the PSTN over the Payphone Application Board (PPAB). It allows local, STD (Subscriber trunk dialling) and IDD (International direct dialling) calls and sends call and card ticket information to the Regional Management System (RMS). Payphone Application Board (PPAB) is placed between the D5 payphones and the exchange. The primary function of the PPAB is to control the telephone calls made with the payphones. PPAB is a interface board that on one hand provides a voice Vlllconnection towards the PSTN and on the other hand provides a data connection towards the management system for all payphones connected to it. PPAB also act as a distributor/concentrator for data communication between the payphones and Network Element Management Unit (NEMU), and in case of external SAM (Security Access Module) for card authorisation by the SAM' s connected to the NEMU. The connection between the PPAB and NEMU can be direct via an RS232C cable or remote via V22 bis modem. The PPAB can operate in stand-alone mode, with reduced functionality, in case the NEMU is not available for the system. The following figure gives the more detail payphone network element and connection. PAYPHONE - NETWORK CONFIGURATION R.M.S. (#1) c.r/.s R.M.S. (#83) Figure 2 Payphone network architecture proposed by Alcatel Teletaş The Security Access Module is the fundamental mechanism of cryptographic security in new generation payphone cards. Initially SAM modules are located in PP's locally, so authentication are realised in PP's, and only call-card tickets, alarms, statistics data, etc.. are transferred to RMS's. System also should work with the network SAM on the NEMU. NEMU is placed in the payphone interface (PPAB + NEMU) unit. The main function of the NEMU-PC in the network is act a concentrator/ switch /protocol converter for the different peripherals of the payphone application. NEMU manages all application messages from /to the PPAB. NEMU is a local payphone management system therefore if the connection between the NEMU and RMS is broken, NEMU can be managed PPAB-PP network side. During this period IXthe necessary information should be buffered. After the connection is setup these information can be sent to RMS. RMS (Regional Management System) is responsible to manage the PP's residing in that region. RMS should manage lower-level network elements (PP, PPAB, NEMU) for alarm functions, statistics and maintenance functions, configuration and installation of PP's. Country Management System (CMS) is top level modular management system that can manage all over the network. All RMS' s should be connected to the CMS as On line X25 or the other network. All authorisation for the credit card should be taken from bank. RMS or CMS unit prepares an authorisation message for that credit card and ask it to the bank and after bank checked this, it sends the reply message for this authorisation message to the related unit. CMS collects credit card billing inf. and all charged records should be transferred to the bank. In this study, NEMU unit will be taken up and designed the functions, interfaces, modules of the NEMU. NEMU NEMU in the network is act a concentrator/switch/protocol converter for the different peripherals of the payphone application. NEMU hardware must be flexible according to the network elements connected to the NEMU. For this reason NEMU hardware was obtained as an Industrial PC. One NEMU can manage max. 16 PPAB and 400 payphones. Interfaces NEMU has two interfaces with PPAB and RMS. PPAB connection is designed in two ways; one is local connection via serial port with RS232 cable (9600 bps) and the other dial-up connection with the remote PPAB' s (V.22 bis) NEMU-RMS interface was supported in two ways; one with X.25 network connection, the other way with the leased line with PPP protocol (V.34 bis). Functional Specifications NEMU was designed according to the following requirements: Data exchange between RMS and the local or remote PPABs and payphones is concentrated through the NEMU-PC. NEMU can support max. 16 PPAB's and 400 payphones. The connection type between NEMU & RMS will be“On-line connection”via Leased Lines or X25 Network. If NEMU & RMS ( via RAN ) connection is down, NEMU should detect that the related port has a problem and try to correct it. If the connection is over for RMS connection, it should also detect PPP connection failure. When the line is up, PPP connection should continue from the halted point.Each NEMU can be serve multiple (min. 2 and max. 25) ports PPABs. The connection between the PPAB & NEMU can be in two ways: Serial connection in the same building and Dial-up connection for the remote PPABs. Captured data from the PPABs and payphones are transferred to the appropriate application on the management system and vice versa. NEMU receives the following information's from the PPAB side: PP and PPAB status information, all kinds of card & call and alarm information, PP-firmware version and authorisation query (credit card authorisation, etc.). NEMU sends the following information's to the PPAB side; White-list, Black-list, Tariff information, Credit-card authorisation result, and the result of other types of calls that require authorisation. NEMU performs PPAB and PP software and parameter files downloading (Remote Code Downloading, file downloading). NEMU sends PP status information, all kinds of card & call and alarm information, PP-Firmware version (on a request by RMS) and authorisation query (credit card, etc.) to the RMS. RMS transfers white-list, black-list, tariff information, Credit-card authorisation result and the result of other types of calls that require authorisation and software of the NEMU, PPAB or PP and parameters (Remote Code Downloading / Parameter files ). Protocol conversion specific for each interface application between the RMS-NEMU and NEMU-PPAB is performed by the NEMU software. NEMU should manage Card and SAM authentication in case of unavailability of payphone local SAM. The NEMU-PC exchanges data with SAM' s for EUROCHIP- cards. If the SAM on the NEMU not available the NEMU-PC communicates with the SAM's at RMS level. NEMU should accept the call/card tickets and certificates related with a card not authorised by NEMU. NEMU-PC local configuration management: configuration data (of connected peripherals and NEMU-PC itself) is at all times kept up to date. Connected peripherals are verified with the central configuration tables after auto-discovery. Software and parameters management for the itself and low level network units. NEMU should managed software and parameter downloading coming from regional management system. Parameters are stored on disk and loaded in memory for operational usage or transferred to PPAB and payphone. NEMU can executes the commands received from RMS Management system and it manages software downloading between Management system, PPAB and payphone. NEMU should handle the credit card authorisation & billing information and it should transfer the billing information to RMS automatically. Card-, call- and maintenance ticket logging : All activity is logged on the NEMU- PC's disk and periodically transferred to the Management system. Outgoing message buffering : In case of unavailability of any communication with the Management system outgoing alarm messages are buffered on disk. xiNEMU-PC malfunction should be detected by watchdog and alarm and event generation and transfer to Management system. It can also answer configuration polling of RMS. NEMU should support initial installation & configuration of payphones activated by the management system. It will be preferred to have a payphone line test facility via NEMU through RMS. NEMU software designed to realise the functionality mentioned above. It consists of ten modules and all the modules are described in the following chapters. The modules are the follows: Application supervision; when the system starts up it runs first and starts up all the application modules. It checks the all software modules running and logs the error messages coming from applications and system. Scenario Handler; this module implements the payphone and PPAB related scenarios, initiated by the RMS and controlled with the NEMU. Call Manager; this module handles the call authorisation and authentication request coming from the PP and registers call and card tickets. NEMU Handler; it performs the RMS commands related with the NEMU itself. PPAB Handler; This module works as a distributor and converter for the messages coming from the PPAB network side and it replies the alarms towards to PP. This module consists of the NDLP Driver; It supplies data link layer protocol between the PPAB and NEMU and Asynchronous Handler; controls and manages the asynchronous links over the serial port. RMS Handler; it receives messages coming from the RMS and distribute them to NEMU internal modules. It converts the messages coming from the RMS to internal message structure and vice verse. This module also contains the Communication Handler; it is a translator between the processes and the protocols on the NEMU for the RMS connection. xu

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