Siyaset teorisinde milliyetçilik: Batı'da milliyetçilik olgusu
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 30766
- Danışmanlar: PROF. DR. ALİ İHSAN BAĞIŞ
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Siyasal Bilimler, Political Science
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 1994
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: Hacettepe Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Kamu Yönetimi Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 246
Özet
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Özet (Çeviri)
VX1 SUMMARY As today's meaning, nationalism is a socological phenomenon that has come out with the occurrence of nation-states of the Enlightment Age. Nationalism claims that sociological, political and economic lives has been shaped in itself. The claims of scholars of the Enlightment Age such as Herder and Fichte are to unify the members of the same nation under the same framework of state. In the foregoing, nationalism has firtly appeared in the West Europe and later in Center and East Europe and at last it has spread out to the whole world. The technological changes that were created by Industrial Revolution made“one nation one state”come into being which is the consequent of sociological and political thought of the Enlightment Age. And this has changed the political geography of the world with a great speed. The problem, then, is to answer how nationalism has changed the political geography of the world. In order to give an answer to this question, Hayes says that different ideas in the world of thought are effective in the wide-spread of nationalism. On the other hand, Kohn says that after having developed in the West, nationalism has progressed out of the Western world thanks to the nationalism outside the Western world that have the idea of imitating the Western type of nationalism. According to Gel İner nationalism is a result of Industrilization which is related to the centri lization of state. He claims that nationalism is the consequence of centre-oriented education that is being put forward by state which has a monopoly. Smith, like Gel İner, accpets that nationalism is a chracateristic of modern times and reflects either the primordial ties of the past and civic ties of modern states. For Hobsbawn, nationalism means a resonable process which was necessary for development of 19 th century capitalism. But, for Hobsbawn, nationalism which aims to destroy today's existing states is lack of“any resonable theory”and has any aims that the former has got“resonable programs”. On the other hand, Symons-Symonolewicz sees nationalism as the deeds of groups that have an aim to establish their own independent states.vııı Theories of nationalism, in general approach, are examined with twofold theoretical framework such as“integration”and“conflict”. Social mobilization and integration phenomenon which are considered as changes bound to technology and modernization by Deutsch show the relations of nationalism from the view of integration theory. According to modernization it is the conflict theory that trys to explain the struugle over the distribution system among the social groups. Marx examines the“nationl question”with this conflict theory and he prophesies that nations and nationalism will be wiped out in the future. On the contrary, Lenin defends“the right of self-determination of nations”for the practical resons of communism. Ethnic phenomenon is to evaluate the characteristics of humanity, existed in the past, from the views of today. The new and complex ethnic division of labour which has been emerged with Indusril ization and Modernization increases the struggle for getting more shares from the division of labour and distribution system among these ethnic groups. At the end of the study, the concepts trying to to unify. how nationalism must be understood are explained with the concepts of integration, moderniztion, inequality and nationalism. According to this, nationalism is consequence of relations among moderniztion, the level of integration and the level of inequality among different social groups. Nationalism has two major effects with the consequence of these multi-sided relations. One of these effects is to improve a process of identity of the group and to have an tendency to protect-its culture, common past, language and traditions-from the other groups. The other effect is a struggle for seceding from the existing state to establish its own indipendent and sovereign state or a struggle unifying with another state.
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