Geology, coal petrography chemical and physical characteristics of coal and economy of Soma-Deniş ( Manisa ) area
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 35952
- Danışmanlar: PROF. DR. ERAN NAKOMAN
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Jeoloji Mühendisliği, Geological Engineering
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 1994
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Jeoloji Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 311
Özet
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Özet (Çeviri)
SUMMARY This was conducted for geologic, sedimentoiogic, petrographic, physical, chemical and mechanical characteristics, degree of coalification and economical situation of the Soma Basin-Deniş region coal seams. The oldest unite in the region are the Paleozoic aged graywackes and the Mesozoic aged limestones. At The same time, these units formed the basement for the Neogene aged units. The Neogene aged units settled in a NE-SW directional valley with an angular discordance which was formed by the Pre- Neogene faults and erosion. These Neogene aged units include coal containing formations of the Soma Basin. These formations consist of Early-Middle Miocene aged Soma Formation and the middle-Middle Miocene aged Deniş Formation, which is disconcordantly on top of the Soma Formation. These formations start with pebble-sand-clay units at the base and continue towards the upper level with a coal seam, marn unite and finally with a limestone unit. These formations exhibit similar sedimentation cycles. Especially andesitic origin volcanism which accompanied the development of the Deniş Formation and also effected the Quaternary aged units, which showed the same sedimentary cycles as the Neogene formations an which settled disconcordantly. The Neogene aged unite located in tiie Soma Basin are a product of the lacustrine-continental environment.In the study area, 3 coal seams were observed in different stratigraphic levels. These are the K-1 coal seam on the bottom of the Soma Formation; the K-2 middle coal seam which settled on top of the Soma Formation and under the Deniş Formation; and on the top is the K-3 upper coal seam which is within the Deniş Formation. The K-1 (Approximately 15 m. thick) and the K-3 (approximately 25 m. thick) coal seams have important places in the study area. However, the K- 2 coal seam was formed by residual quality thin coal levels and as observed in some areas it does not contain any importance. From the most interested coal seams of the study area, two macroscopic seam sections from K-1 and one from K-3 were sampled and tJie coal seam formation curves were prepared. The results of the microscopic investigation of the systematically obtained samples determined that the K-1 lower coal seam was formed in fluvial originated swamp facies and the K-3 upper coal seam formed in the lower and upper deltaic fades. Besides, seven lower coal facies were determined from the entire coal seams in the field. The K-1 coal seam, which is observed in the northern part of ttie study area, shows a dark black color and less interlayered characteristics, which formed in the environment because of calm conditions, and was formed by the basin basement sink together with the development of a swamp. On the other hand, the K-3 upper coal seam, which is observed in the soutinern part of The study area, formed in the environment where the coal forming organic material deposition was constantly interfered with because of fluvial originated and/or floods, which had transgressive characteristics and where material input from the active volcanism was still continuing and with a lot of interlayers. The chemical-physical investigation results of the obtained samples show that the coals of the study area have lignite characteristics, however, some parte of the K-1 lower coal seam may have matured to the sub-bitumen coal level. Volcanism which started at the same time as the sedimentation of the upper coal seam in the basin played an important role for the formation and development of the lower and upper lignite seam. Material was abundantly IIsent into the sedimentary environment of the upper lignite seam and caused disturbances in the coal forming organic materia! deposition and emplacement of the volcanic material containing interbeds in them. Thus, the K- 3 upper coal seam gained some characteristics which formed by the coal levels were enriched with mineral matter and interlayers. Therefore, the element (oxide) conieni of ihe upper iigniie seam changed, especially an increase in the amount of 0İO2, Aİ2O3, FeO + Fe2Ö3, MgO and K2O and a large decrease in the amount of CaO. There are variations in the abundance of the trace element content and a noticeable enrichment in the radioactive elements than in the lower lignite seam. While volcanism continued the material input in the sedimentary environment of ttie upper seam had at the same time an important role in the maturitization (coalification-metamorphism) of the lower coal seams which were deposited by the thermic power of the volcanism and was then buried. This effect of the volcanism is valid for the upper coal seam after the lower coal seam was buried. The K-1 lower lignite seam has an average of 2648 Kcal/kg. calorific value, 34 % ash and 15 % water values, however, the K-3 upper lignite seam has an average lower calorific value of 1568 Kcal/kg., high ash at 47 % and a water value of 21 %. Therefore, it has economically negative characteristics, but is the largest reserve in tiie study area. The Deniş 1 sector, which is located in tile study area in the Deniş region, contains the K-1 lower lignite seam and the Deniş 2 sector contains the K-3 upper lignite seam and in some areas the K-2 middle lignite seam may be found. There are 39,000,000 tons in the Deniş 1 sector and 85,500,000 tons in the Deniş 2 sector, which adds up to a total of 124,500,000 tons of existing observable reserve. When the possible reserve of 15,000,000 tons is added to this, there is a total of 139,500,000 tons of existing reserve in the study area. HI
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