Türk pamuğunun bölgesel olarak incelenmesi ve bunlardan üretilen iplik özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 39818
- Danışmanlar: PROF.DR. BÜLENT ÖZİPEK
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Tekstil ve Tekstil Mühendisliği, Textile and Textile Engineering
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 1994
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 46
Özet
ÖZET Teknolojinin gelişimiyle birlikte işletmelerde de kaliteli üretim yapma zorunluluğu her geçen gün kendini daha fazla hissettirmektedir. Özellikle Tekstil, ülkemiz açısından da düşünülecek olursa, bu açıdan son derece önemli bir konumda bulunmaktadır. Bunun nedeni özellikle ihracat kapasitesinin önemli bir bölümünün Tekstil mamulleri tarafından oluşturulmasıdır. Bu açıdan bakıldığında Tekstil Mamulünün istenilen özelliklerini en ucuz ve tam olarak karşılayabilecek üretimin optimum çözümü verdiği görülmektedir. Bu bakımdan kullanılan hammaddenin de üretilecek ürünün özellikleri bakımından öneminin büyüklüğü dikkat çekmektedir. Tekstil sektöründe pamuğun yeri hayli önemlidir. Pamuk lifinin özellikleri ile bundan elde edilen ipliğin kalitesi arasındaki ilişki, üretimin yapıldığı işletme açısından son derece önemlidir. Yapılmış olan bu çalışmada temel hedef Türk pamuğunun kalite açısından durumunu incelemek ve bundan üretilen iplik üzerinde ne derece tesir ettiğini tesbit etmektir. Çalışmada üç farklı açıdan sonuçlara yaklaşılmıştır: îlki sadece lif özellikleri gözönünde bulundurularak yapılan değerlendirme; ikincisi sadece iplik özellikleri gözönünde bulundurularak yapılan değerlendirme ve sonuncusu da iplik ve lif özelliklerini birlikte gözönünde bulundurarak yapılan değerlendirme... Bu üç farklı bakış açısından çıkan en önemli sonuç, iplikhanede kullanılan pamuk lifinin herbir özelliğinin iplik özellikleri üzerinde etkisinin olduğudur. Denilebilir ki makina parkının teknolojisi ne olursa olsun, lif özellikleri, yetersiz seviyede değerlere sahipse elde edilecek olan iplik kalitesi de yetersiz olacaktır. Bu da kullanım açısından yetersiz sonuçlara sebep olarak üreticinin durumunu da etkileyebilecektir. VII
Özet (Çeviri)
SUMMARY It is known that the role of Textile in the world industry is great. The people's needs are changing day by day. To give an optimum solution to these needs, The working coditions are being made optimum. From that point of view, the role of yarn production in Textile Industry is great. Especially, because of cotton yarn production percent in total yarn production is very high, cotton yarn production is extremely important. For this reason, the line of cotton fibre from farm to yarn has to be controlled very carefully. The scientists have been interested in this subject for a long time. Their aims have been the modernization of machine parks and learning the structure of cotton fibre. They have been working for getting these aims in an optimum way. (1,2,3,4,15,20,21,22) In this thesis, it ihas been tried to be found the changes in 100% cotton' yarn properties which is affected from fibre properties. For this reason, the cotton fibre and yarn samples were taken from the industry. They were groupped as 15 combed and 32 carded yarns. The properties of the yarns and fibres were tested in an modern laboratory in Istanbul Technical University. The fibre samples have been tested in Spinlab 900 HVI. Fibre length (2.5% span length (FL2), mm, 50% span length (FL1), mm), fibre elongation (FE, %), fibre strength (FS, cN/tex, according to stelometer 1/8 inches principle), uniformity ratio (FU, %), micronaire (FM), trash content (FD, %, according to shirley analyser) and maturity degree (FO) have been found. All values have been taken from Spinlab 900 HVI, except trash content and maturity degree. Maturity degree has been found according to 18% NaOH solution principle. The yarn parameters have been taken from different instruments. The Zweigle G565 for hairiness of yarn, the Zweigle D302 for twist of yarn, the Keisokki Ket80 for evenness of yarn and the Uster Strength Tester for strength of yarn... VIIIThere were ten cops for every party. Every cops have been tested for ten times for every property. So, a statistical analyse has been used to understand the results. This analyse is Regression Analyse. It can be used for all assessment from statistical point of view. Correlation coefficient between random variables and dependent variable, determination coefficient, F test have been used to assess the values of statistical results. (7, 9, 11, 12) Results: Results have been assessed from three points of view: 1-The assessment of fibre properties 2-The assessment of yarn properties 3-The assessment of the relationship between fibre and yarn properties. The fibre properties have been groupped as combed and carded parties. Here, the place where the fibre has been grown is important. After that these places have been groupped as sections. They are Ege, Antalya and Çukurova (included Güneydoğu) sections. Because generally, in Turkey the raw cotton is groupped as Ege, Antalya, Cukurova-Güneydogu and the others. After groupping the values according to sections, it is easy to assess the results section by section. It has been easily seen that, the staple length of Antalya cotton is the highest. And,.the Ege cotton is the lowest. So, it will affect the yarn properties at the end of the production. Especially, the breaking strength will IXbe affected negatively in Ege cotton. Because the staple length is shorter and the variation is high. And, the yarn strength which is produced from Antalya cotton will be higher. Because the staples are longer, thus interfriction or cohesion ability of fibers is higher. As a result, it causes the yarn strength to be high. The fibre breaking tenacity of Antalya cotton is the highest. Ege and Çukurova cotton values are close together, but again as in the case of staple length, the variation in Ege cotton is higher. Of course, it will affect the yarn tenacity produced from this kind of fibre. The fibre maturity and micronaire values are as in the case of length and tenacity. Antalya cotton has the highest value, the others are close together, but the variation in Ege cotton is the highest. Surely, the highest maturity degree, the highest yarn performance. But, if the micronaire is high, then the number of fibres in a yarn cross-section will decrease. Thus, the cohesion between fibres will decrease and the yarn strength will decrease. But, if the maturity degree and the micronaire are taken into consideration together, there can be another assessment which the lower micronaire may be because of lower maturity. So, it has to be paid attention to this point when the cotton comes to mill. If Turkish cottons are compared with Eygpt and Turkmenistan cottons, it is easily seen that the Turkmenistan cotton values are close to Turkish cotton values. But, the Eygpt cotton values are better than Turkish and Turkmenistan cotton values. Table 2. Fibre Properties of Mısır and Türkmenistan For example, the staple length is at least 3mm higher than the others. Also, fibre tenacity and maturity degree are high enough and the trash content is the lowest. Comparing the micronaire with the maturitydegree, it is concluded that, these two properties are enough to produce a yarn which has a lot of fibres in the cross-section. The assessment of yarn properties is groupped as carded and combed yarns. If the yarn properties of 15 and 20 tex combed yarns are compared between each other, there are differences. The first of all is the difference in twist number. There is a higher twist in 15 tex yarn which is between 996- 1077 TPM. The twist in 20 tex yarn is between 577-856 TPM. Table 3. Fibre Properties of 15 yarns and 20 tex combed Because the number of fibres in the cross-section of 20 tex yarn is more, the breaking strength is higher. It is between 311.4-457. The breaking strength of 15 tex yarn is between 232.2-364.8. The evenness of 20 tex yarn is less. It is because of the number of fibres in the cross-section of 20 tex yarn is more. Also, the number of thin places, thick places and neps are less in the 20 tex yarn. It is seen that the hairiness of 15 tex yarn is higher than the 20 tex yarn. XIWhen the properties of 20, 30 and 40 tex carded yarns are compared there are differences which are similar to those in combed yarns: Higher twist number in thinner yarns, higher yarn strength and good regularity in thicker yarns. Table 4. Fibre Properties of 20, 30, 40 tex carded yarns If the 20 tex combed and carded yarns are compared, there are big differences. Higher strength values, low hairiness values, less twist numbers and better regularity in combed yarn can be seen. These differences are because of the higher short fibre content in carded yarns. The last assessment of the results is the relationship between fibre and yarn properties. For this purpose, the regression analyse has been used. It has been seen that there is a good relationship between fibre and yarn properties. This relationship is XIIshown with a regression equation. Also, to learn the degree of this relationship, the determination coefficient value has been found, and the F test has been used to understand whether this value has enough importance or not. It has been concluded that there is a good relationship and this relationship has enough importance. XIII
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