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Globalization, industrialization and social class in less developed countries, 1980-2005

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  1. Tez No: 400028
  2. Yazar: YUNUS KAYA
  3. Danışmanlar: Belirtilmemiş.
  4. Tez Türü: Doktora
  5. Konular: Sosyoloji, Sociology
  6. Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
  7. Yıl: 2007
  8. Dil: İngilizce
  9. Üniversite: Duke University
  10. Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
  11. Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  12. Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  13. Sayfa Sayısı: 186

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Özet (Çeviri)

This dissertation analyzes the industrialization and social class structures of lessdeveloped countries during the latest wave of economic globalization. Industrializationand social class have always been among the central topics in sociology. With the latestwave of economic globalization, manufacturing, which had been primarily carried out inthe early-industrialized countries, spread around the world. This had a significant impacton the industrialization and social class structures of less developed countries. Thisdissertation assesses the effect of the latest wave of economic globalization through threesets of empirical analysis. First, I conduct a statistical analysis of industrial employmentin 64 less developed countries. Second, I conduct a case study on industrialization andsocial class structure of Turkey. Third, I conduct a comparative analysis ofindustrialization and social class structure in South Korea, Malaysia, Costa Rica,Tanzania, and Turkey. This multi-method approach reveals that industrializationexpanded in most less developed countries during the latest wave of economicglobalization. Although the rising productivity and economic development mainlyexplain industrialization in less developed countries, exports significantly contributed tothe rise of manufacturing employment as well. This dissertation contends that economicglobalization caused proletarianization, represented by the expansion of the manual laborclass and the informal employment, and polarization, demonstrated as the swelling ofsocial classes at the bottom and the top of social class structure. This dissertation alsoshows that the globalization of the less developed countries varies by the role ofinternational trade and foreign direct investment. Although there are not any countriesthat solely depend on international trade or foreign direct investment, the countries thatare characterized by the prominence of exports of manufactured goods experienced anexpansion of low-skilled labor classes. The countries that received significant amountsof foreign direct investment, however, as well as sending significant amount of exports,experienced the expansion of skilled-labor classes. The service sector expanded in allless developed countries. The most striking feature of the expansion of service sector hasbeen the expansion of professional and managerial social classes in all countries. By alsoshowing the near universal concurrent expansion of entrepreneurial classes, defined asthe employers and the self-employed, this dissertation provides support for the claimsregarding the emergence of a global capitalist class. However, the expansion in theservice sector was not limited to professional and managerial classes. Routine nonmanualclasses also expanded in most countries analyzed in this dissertation. Overall,globalization combined with economic development to trigger deep changes to the labormarkets and class structure of less developed countries over the past several decades.

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