The impact of dehydration on health and performance of wrestlers
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 401012
- Danışmanlar: DR. NAZARETH KHODIGUIAN
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Spor, Sports
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2012
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: California State University-Los Angeles
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 32
Özet
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Özet (Çeviri)
Rapid weight loss via dehydration has profound adverse effects on the wrestler's physiology and muscular endurance even with %1 of body weight loss (Montain et al., 1992; Coyle et al., 2001; Cheuvront et al., 2010; Alonso, et al., 2008; Rasmussen et al., 2005; Alderman et al., 2004; Allen et al., 1977; Aghaei et al., 2011; Tarnopolsky et al., 1996). Additionally, there is a decline after 4% of weight loss in strength or anaerobic power performance (Sawka et al., 2007; Oopik et al., 2002; Maughan et al., 2003; Webster et al., 1990; Dougherty et al., 2006; Tarnopolsky et al., 1996; Kraemer et al., 2001;Wenos et al., 1998; McCargar, & Crawford, 1992). However, these adverse effects do not seem to impair muscle strength during high-power exertions lasting less than 30 THE IMPACT OF DEHYDRATION ON HEALTH AND PERFORMANCE OF WRESTLERS 2 5 seconds. In fact, for athletes participating in brief-duration, high- power sports, rapid weight loss may give them an advantage by increasing power on a pound for pound basis. But, as strenuous exercise is extended, environmental temperatures rise, and degree of dehydration increases performance will ultimately suffer (Sawka et al., 2007). When rapid weight loss techniques are used, primarily water and lean body mass is lost, not fat. Muscle carbohydrate stores (glycogen) and muscle water are decreased. This impairs temperature regulation and cardiovascular function. The negative effects of dehydration on cardiovascular fitness parameters seem to repair faster compared to strength and power values. However, effects of dehydration on cardiovascular fitness, muscle strenght, power and strenght seem to be only short tenn effects of dehydration on performance according to weight cycling studies. Several studies indicated while weight cycling has acute effects on performance, augmentation in body weight and muscular performance of the wrestlers occurs subsequent to the wrestling season. The cardiovascular dynamics and muscular performance of these wrestlers rapidly returned to normal following to competition (Allen et al., 1977; Tamopolsky et al., 1996; Wenos et al., 1998; Klinzing & Karpowicz, 1986; McCargar & Crawford, 1992). This happens because of restoration of body fluids, electrolytes, and glycogen in a short time. Training effect is also another important indicator for getting rid of any negative metabolic consequences of weight cycling. Moreover, studies also indicated some negative psychological effects of dehydration on wrestlers' performance: increased fatigue, anger, and anxiety (Steen et al., 1988), decrements in mood and motivation, and increased confusion (Risto et al, 2011). Still, more studies are needed in these areas. Weight loss due to the dehydration can potentially affect wrestlers" health negatively. Moderate dehydration (up to 3 ^ percent of body weight lost) can usually be tolerated without TME IMPACT OF DEMYDRATION ON HEALTH AND PERFORMANCE OF WRESTLERS 2 6 severe health problems as it was reviewed in this paper. Three colligate wrestlers died because of excessive weight loss of 15 % of body weight (Coyle et al, 2001). It was because of uncompensated fluid loss that affected the cardiovascular and thermoregulatory functions of the wrestlers causing the death. Weight loss may also change hormonal status (Karila et al, 2004) and inhibit normal growth as well as development. However, it does not cause reduction in resting metabolic rate after the competitive season compared to pre-competition levels even though there was a reduction in RMR during the wrestling season. It was also found that there are no considerable health effects of dehydration on wrestling (Nitzke et al., 1992; McCargar & Crawford, 1992). Hovever, more studies are needed to strengthen these results since there are not many studies about the long-term effects of dehydration on hormonal, psychological and health status of wrestlers.
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