Impact of clay-DNAPL interactions on the transport of chlorinated solvents in low permeability subsurface zones
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 401710
- Danışmanlar: PROF. AVERY DEMOND
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Çevre Mühendisliği, Environmental Engineering
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2015
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: University of Michigan
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Çevre Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 176
Özet
Özet yok.
Özet (Çeviri)
Chlorinated solvents are often disposed of in such a manner that they form pools on subsurface clay layers. There they slowly dissolve and migrate into the clay layers, accumulating therein over time. Due to the low permeability of these layers, it is assumed that the migration occurs by diffusion. However, field evidence suggests that more solvent may be stored in such layers than can be accounted for through simple diffusion. Since there are few reported measurements of the diffusion coefficient in clayey soils for contaminants of interest, measurements were made in silt and silt-clay mixtures. The diffusion coefficient for trichloroethylene in a silt-clay mixture was at least two to four fold smaller than predictions used in field studies. Calculations based on the measurements obtained in this research suggest that there is an even greater discrepancy between the amount of mass storage in low permeability layers and that which can be attributed to diffusion. To account for this enhanced transport, it was postulated that direct contact between the waste and these layers altered the structure of the clay, and consequently the transport properties. Measurements using X-ray diffraction showed that contact with chlorinated field wastes decreased the basal spacing of water-saturated smectites from 19 Å to 15 Å, accompanied by cracks with apertures as large as 1 mm, within weeks. Calculations showed that even minimal cracking could easily account for the enhanced mass storage observed in the field.To investigate the mechanism of basal spacing decrease, a set of screening experiments were performed, which identified a nonionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, and a chlorinated solvent, as the minimum waste components necessary. Sorption measurements showed enhanced synergistic sorption of the surfactants in the presence of the chlorinated solvent, while Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy suggested a partial displacement of water from the interlayer space. Based on all the accumulated evidence, it was hypothesized that the nonionic surfactant sorbs in the interlayer space, displacing some of the interlayer water. The anionic surfactant interacts with the nonionic surfactant through their hydrophobic moieties and enhances the dehydration of the interlayer space via its anhydrous nature.
Benzer Tezler
- Katı atıkların depolanmasında karşılaşılan geoteknik problemler
Geotechnical problems encountered in disposal of wastes
AHMET KUTAY
- Volkanik kırıntıların killerin dayanımı üzerine etkisi
The impact of the volcanic fragments on clays
TUĞBA COŞKUN
Yüksek Lisans
Türkçe
2017
Jeoloji Mühendisliğiİstanbul ÜniversitesiJeoloji Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı
PROF. DR. SÜLEYMAN DALĞIÇ
- Okul öncesi çocukların olumsuz davranışlarının olumluya dönmesinde kil etkinliğinin katkıları
Contributors of clay practises i̇n preschool children's behaviors transition from negative to positive
MÜKERREM DİNGE
Yüksek Lisans
Türkçe
2016
Eğitim ve ÖğretimGazi ÜniversitesiUygulamalı Sanatlar Ana Bilim Dalı
DOÇ. DR. OLCAY BORATAV
- The impact of bacillus megaterium var. Phosphaticum and kitchen waste compost on the chemical and biological properties of 2 different type of soil in spinach cultivation
Bacillus megaterium var. Phosphaticum ve mutfak atığı kompostunun ıspanak yetiştirilen iki farklı toprağın kimyasal ve biyolojik özellikleri üzerindeki etkisi
ASTRI HARTATY SIMANUNGKALIT
Yüksek Lisans
İngilizce
2024
ZiraatOndokuz Mayıs ÜniversitesiToprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Ana Bilim Dalı
PROF. DR. RIDVAN KIZILKAYA
- Çin porselen sanatı: Toprağın ateşle dansı
The art of Chinese porcelain: The dance of soil with fire
ADİLE BİRBEN