The role of Intelligence in affecting the national security and defence policy of the Eisenhower Administration during the Missile Gap controversy was minimal. Is this assertion correct, how was Eisenhower's national security and defence policy affected and what were the main reasons affecting these policies?
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 403200
- Danışmanlar: Dr. HUW DYLAN
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Savunma ve Savunma Teknolojileri, Defense and Defense Technologies
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2016
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: King's College London
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 79
Özet
Özet yok.
Özet (Çeviri)
The missile gap is an important subject of debate in the intelligence and policy relationship, as it encapsulates how both sides interacted with each other and is one of the important staples of intelligence. This dissertation focuses on that relationship and aims to add to the current literature by looking at the role of intelligence and other political-economic factors in affecting Eisenhower's Basic National Security Policy (BNSP) and defence policy during the missile gap controversy. This is done by analysing and comparing the BNSP of the Eisenhower Administration with that of the preceding administration and how criticisms against that policy caused political-economic rifts within the military, defence industry and Congressional opposition, leading to increased inter-service rivalry within the military services; ultimately affecting intelligence estimates as well as defence policies and budgets. It was due to these factors, which included the lack of inconclusive intelligence on the strategic forces of the Soviet Union as well as the political-economic interests of military services and the defence industry that led to the overestimation of intelligence estimates. Although intelligence estimates started receding from 1958, Eisenhower's policies transformed the US strategic forces by emphasizing missiles at the expense of conventional weapons – one of the reasons it was criticised so heavily was due to the fact that the BNSP was heavily skewed towards strategic warfare and could not protect US interests in local-limited conflicts. At the end of the controversy, it was found that the Soviet Union possessed only a limited capability regarding inter-continental ballistic missiles and that the gap was in the favour of the US. This shows us that although the defence budgets were kept relatively stable after 1958, less could have been spent on strategic forces and that it was not intelligence, but more so, the political-economic pressures that influenced Eisenhower's policies.
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