Otomotiv sektöründe robot uygulamaları ve ekonomik analiz

Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.

Tez No: 46551
Yazar: İ.HALUK BAYRAKLI
Danışmanlar: DOÇ.DR. AHMET GÜNEY
Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
Konular: Makine Mühendisliği, Mechanical Engineering
Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
Yıl: 1995
Dil: Türkçe
Üniversite: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi
Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
Sayfa Sayısı: 72

Özet

operation is stili required and the robot acts as an aid to the operatör rather than a replacement for him. From the statements made two very important properties of a robot emerge: -Versality: The versality of a robot depends on its geometrical and mechanical capacity. This implies a physical capacity to perform varied functions and to produce a diversified execution of simple tasks. Versality also implies that every robot must have a structure with a geometry that can be modified if necessary. -Auto-adaptivity to the environment: This concerns a robot1 s potential for initiative in carrying out tasks which have not been completely specified and despite unforeseen changes in the environment. in this capacity the robot uses: its ability to perceive the environment (by the use of sensors), its capacity to analyse the task-space and to execute a plan of operation, its modes of automatic command. The capabilities of robots are limited, and the proper selection of the robot is only öne of the important application ingredients. To ensure a successful, application, a total 'system engineering1 approach should be used. The early robots were typically capable of moving an end-effector to specific, repeatable locations, and with the advent of continous path control they could perform the intervening motion över a smooth, controlled path. Unloading die casting machines, spot welding, and paint spraying were ali tasks within these capabilities and set the pattern for the first wave of industrial robots. With an early start and a history of successful implementations, these applications showed a rapid growth of robotic penetration through the end of the 1970s. Today, these are the most heavily penetrated applications, but the growth in these applications will eventually level off. The percentage of robots in these initial applications versus ali categories of robots in use will decline as more demanding applications such as are welding assembly become robotized. The beginning of the next wave of robot penetration can be seen today, with are welding being the prime example. This generation of robots is characterized by systems greatly enhanced sensory capabilities, as compared vii

Özet (Çeviri)

SUMMARY APPLICATION OF ROBOTICS İN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ROBOTICS For the past 20 years, robots have been applied to manufacturing tasks in industries from automobiles to consumer electronics. The process of implementing robotic technology can be better understood if several applications are reviewed. Today robotics can be defined as the theory and practice of automation of tasks which, because of their nature, were previously thought to be reserved for man alone. Such work is characterised by an almost permanent interaction between the robotic device and the object (ör environment). Implicit in such interaction is some kind of pre-appointment of the task. it would appear that adaptive execution of this kind would cali for the use of an operatör' s reflexes and intelligence; this is why the word 'robotics' is often linked with the notion of artificial intelligence. Bearing in mind the definition of robotics three main categories can be identified in the current research being conducted into robotics. These are: 1.Research work on individual robots, situated in a fixed location ör on a carrier vehicle (mobile robot). 2.Research work on robots operating in conjunction with other robots ör other machines. Such production lines constitute what can be termed flexible manufacturing processes. 3.Research work on teleoperation (work controlled from a distance). in such processes a human operatör must be present at the controls of the machine because the job can neither be pre-programmed nor executed automatically in the adaptive mode. This is because machines are not yet available which can analyse and interpret their environment when their application is changed from öne function to another. in teleoperation systems some degree of human vioperation is stili required and the robot acts as an aid to the operatör rather than a replacement for him. From the statements made two very important properties of a robot emerge: -Versality: The versality of a robot depends on its geometrical and mechanical capacity. This implies a physical capacity to perform varied functions and to produce a diversified execution of simple tasks. Versality also implies that every robot must have a structure with a geometry that can be modified if necessary. -Auto-adaptivity to the environment: This concerns a robot1 s potential for initiative in carrying out tasks which have not been completely specified and despite unforeseen changes in the environment. in this capacity the robot uses: its ability to perceive the environment (by the use of sensors), its capacity to analyse the task-space and to execute a plan of operation, its modes of automatic command. The capabilities of robots are limited, and the proper selection of the robot is only öne of the important application ingredients. To ensure a successful, application, a total 'system engineering1 approach should be used. The early robots were typically capable of moving an end-effector to specific, repeatable locations, and with the advent of continous path control they could perform the intervening motion över a smooth, controlled path. Unloading die casting machines, spot welding, and paint spraying were ali tasks within these capabilities and set the pattern for the first wave of industrial robots. With an early start and a history of successful implementations, these applications showed a rapid growth of robotic penetration through the end of the 1970s. Today, these are the most heavily penetrated applications, but the growth in these applications will eventually level off. The percentage of robots in these initial applications versus ali categories of robots in use will decline as more demanding applications such as are welding assembly become robotized. The beginning of the next wave of robot penetration can be seen today, with are welding being the prime example. This generation of robots is characterized by systems greatly enhanced sensory capabilities, as compared viiSUMMARY APPLICATION OF ROBOTICS İN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ROBOTICS For the past 20 years, robots have been applied to manufacturing tasks in industries from automobiles to consumer electronics. The process of implementing robotic technology can be better understood if several applications are reviewed. Today robotics can be defined as the theory and practice of automation of tasks which, because of their nature, were previously thought to be reserved for man alone. Such work is characterised by an almost permanent interaction between the robotic device and the object (ör environment). Implicit in such interaction is some kind of pre-appointment of the task. it would appear that adaptive execution of this kind would cali for the use of an operatör' s reflexes and intelligence; this is why the word 'robotics' is often linked with the notion of artificial intelligence. Bearing in mind the definition of robotics three main categories can be identified in the current research being conducted into robotics. These are: 1.Research work on individual robots, situated in a fixed location ör on a carrier vehicle (mobile robot). 2.Research work on robots operating in conjunction with other robots ör other machines. Such production lines constitute what can be termed flexible manufacturing processes. 3.Research work on teleoperation (work controlled from a distance). in such processes a human operatör must be present at the controls of the machine because the job can neither be pre-programmed nor executed automatically in the adaptive mode. This is because machines are not yet available which can analyse and interpret their environment when their application is changed from öne function to another. in teleoperation systems some degree of human vioperation is stili required and the robot acts as an aid to the operatör rather than a replacement for him. From the statements made two very important properties of a robot emerge: -Versality: The versality of a robot depends on its geometrical and mechanical capacity. This implies a physical capacity to perform varied functions and to produce a diversified execution of simple tasks. Versality also implies that every robot must have a structure with a geometry that can be modified if necessary. -Auto-adaptivity to the environment: This concerns a robot1 s potential for initiative in carrying out tasks which have not been completely specified and despite unforeseen changes in the environment. in this capacity the robot uses: its ability to perceive the environment (by the use of sensors), its capacity to analyse the task-space and to execute a plan of operation, its modes of automatic command. The capabilities of robots are limited, and the proper selection of the robot is only öne of the important application ingredients. To ensure a successful, application, a total 'system engineering1 approach should be used. The early robots were typically capable of moving an end-effector to specific, repeatable locations, and with the advent of continous path control they could perform the intervening motion över a smooth, controlled path. Unloading die casting machines, spot welding, and paint spraying were ali tasks within these capabilities and set the pattern for the first wave of industrial robots. With an early start and a history of successful implementations, these applications showed a rapid growth of robotic penetration through the end of the 1970s. Today, these are the most heavily penetrated applications, but the growth in these applications will eventually level off. The percentage of robots in these initial applications versus ali categories of robots in use will decline as more demanding applications such as are welding assembly become robotized. The beginning of the next wave of robot penetration can be seen today, with are welding being the prime example. This generation of robots is characterized by systems greatly enhanced sensory capabilities, as compared viiSUMMARY APPLICATION OF ROBOTICS İN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ROBOTICS For the past 20 years, robots have been applied to manufacturing tasks in industries from automobiles to consumer electronics. The process of implementing robotic technology can be better understood if several applications are reviewed. Today robotics can be defined as the theory and practice of automation of tasks which, because of their nature, were previously thought to be reserved for man alone. Such work is characterised by an almost permanent interaction between the robotic device and the object (ör environment). Implicit in such interaction is some kind of pre-appointment of the task. it would appear that adaptive execution of this kind would cali for the use of an operatör' s reflexes and intelligence; this is why the word 'robotics' is often linked with the notion of artificial intelligence. Bearing in mind the definition of robotics three main categories can be identified in the current research being conducted into robotics. These are: 1.Research work on individual robots, situated in a fixed location ör on a carrier vehicle (mobile robot). 2.Research work on robots operating in conjunction with other robots ör other machines. Such production lines constitute what can be termed flexible manufacturing processes. 3.Research work on teleoperation (work controlled from a distance). in such processes a human operatör must be present at the controls of the machine because the job can neither be pre-programmed nor executed automatically in the adaptive mode. This is because machines are not yet available which can analyse and interpret their environment when their application is changed from öne function to another. in teleoperation systems some degree of human vi

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