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American women's travels to Turkey at the beginning of the twentieth century

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  1. Tez No: 696231
  2. Yazar: LEMAN GİRESUNLU
  3. Danışmanlar: PROF. DR. CHARLES L. CROW, DOÇ. DR. ELLEN BERRY
  4. Tez Türü: Doktora
  5. Konular: Amerikan Kültürü ve Edebiyatı, American Culture and Literature
  6. Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
  7. Yıl: 1999
  8. Dil: İngilizce
  9. Üniversite: Bowling Green State University
  10. Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
  11. Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  12. Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  13. Sayfa Sayısı: 260

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Özet (Çeviri)

Charles L. Crow and Ellen Berry Advisors This study aimed to analyze the travels of American missionary women to Turkey at the beginning of the twentieth century. Among these women Charlotte Allen Ward traveled to Turkey as the wife of the missionary medical doctor Edwin St. John Ward. Mary Isabella Ward and the Ely sisters traveled as unmarried missionaries. Hettie M. Dodd was the daughter of missionaries. The published and nonpublished letters and travel narratives of these women served to understand that their individual cultural experiences in Turkey helped as well convey about their own social construction of reality as American women. These women were seeking professionalism at the turn of the century. The selection of these particular women was due to the commonality of their education at Mount Holyoke College, an institution that then encouraged missionary endeavor. During this study theories of travel and displacement of Frances Bartkowski, Caren Kaplan, and Deleuze and Guattari permitted me to interpret the travels of these women missionaries as an instance of“in-betweenness,”and an“alliance.”Their travels were voluntary yet the invisible presence of hegemony that made them part of the missionary endeavor put into question the voluntary aspect of their travels. Therefore Antonio Gramsci's approach to hegemony was a useful choice in this matter. The meanings of home and displacement as well as different patterns of travel these women performed happened as part of their decisions under the rule of hegemony. Also due to her marriage to Edwin St John Ward the changing status of Charlotte Allen Ward and her intention to go to the mission field as a single missionary women is investigated as an instance of fading agency. This disappearing agency was to be claimed back forty-four years later by Charlotte herself in her travel narrative she titled“How We Went Around the World.”Not only Charlotte's travel narrative but also Hettie M. Dodd's“Journal de Voyage”written on her way back from Turkey allowed an instance of comparison for such narratives with the one written by an expert travel writer Mark Twain. Innocents Abroad by Twain in this regard served as a medium of comparison in terms of displaying perceptions of the Turkish culture. An insight to the multicultural aspect of the Ottoman past and the transformation undergone during the Turkish Republic helped me to understand more about changing circumstances through the letters of these women written to their friends and family in the United States.

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