Antalya EAH Aile Hekimliği birimlerine başvuran 18-65 yaş arası kadınların serviks kanseri taraması ve HPV aşısı hakkındaki tutum ve davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi
Evaluation of attitudes and behaviors of female individuals aged 18-65 years who applied to Antalya training and research hospital family medicine units about cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccine
- Tez No: 735262
- Danışmanlar: UZMAN ZEYNEP AŞIK
- Tez Türü: Tıpta Uzmanlık
- Konular: Aile Hekimliği, Family Medicine
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2022
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Antalya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Aile Hekimliği Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 91
Özet
Amaç: Serviks kanseri meme, kolon ve akciğer kanserinden sonra kadınlarda dördüncü sıklıkta görülen kanserdir. Serviks kanserinin önlenebilir nedenleri arasında en önemli ve başlıca etken Human papilloma virüs'tür. Serviks kanseri günümüzde pap smear ve/veya HPV testleri ile erken tanınabilir ve geliştirilmiş olan HPV aşıları ile önlenebilir bir durumdadır. Bu nedenle günümüzde ölüm nedenleri sıralamasında gerilerde kalmaktadır. Bu çalışma ile 18-65 yaş aralığındaki kadınların serviks kanseri, serviks kanserinden korunma ve tarama yöntemleri hakkındaki tarama yöntemleri hakkındaki bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamız Antalya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi (EAH) Aile Hekimliği birimlerine başvuran, 18-65 yaş arasında, araştırma sorularını cevaplamaya engel bilişsel bozukluğu olmayan, çalışma hakkında bilgilendirilen ve çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 270 kadına uygulanmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan kişilere sosyodemografik bilgilerini içeren sorular ve konuyla ilgili literatür doğrultusunda geliştirilen araştırma soruları sorularak veriler toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler SPSS for Windows 22 aracılığıyla değerlendirilmiştir, p
Özet (Çeviri)
Objective: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women after breast, colon and lung cancer. Among the preventable causes of cervical cancer, the most important and the main factor is Human papilloma virus (HPV). Today, cervical cancer can be detected early with pap smear and/or HPV tests and is preventable with HPV vaccines that have been developed. For this reason, it lags behind in the list of causes of death today. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of women aged 18-65 years about cervical cancer, prevention of cervical cancer and screening methods. Materials and Methods: Our study was applied to 270 women aged between 18-65 years who admitted to the Antalya Training and Research Hospital Family Medicine units, who did not have verbal and cognitive dysfunctions that might cause problems in answering the questionnaire questions, who were informed about the study and agreed to participate. Data were collected by preparing a sociodemographic questionnaire and a questionnaire developed in line with the literature on the subject, in order to collect personal information from the people participating in the study. The relationships between the variables were examined via SPSS for Windows 22 and p value is accepted as 0,005. Findings: The mean age of the participants was 42.29±12.44 years, the mean age at first birth was 24.2±4.56 years, and the mean age at marriage was 22.89±5.06 years. The median number of births for women was 2 (min-max: 0-6). 187 participants (69.3%) were married, 66 participants (24.4%) were single and 17 participants (6.3%) were separated from their spouses. 23.3% of the participants were in primary school, 6.7% in secondary school, 32.2% in high school, 6.3% in college, 28.1% in university and 2.2% in graduate / It was observed that 3 people (1.1%) were illiterate. It was determined that 176 women (65.2%) had social security from SGK and 63 women (23.3%) were affiliated with other institutions. 44.4% of the women participating in the study stated that they did not have any income, 15.9% stated that they had minimum wage, 17.8% stated that they had a monthly income between minimum-5000 TL and 21.9% 5000 TL and above. 129 women (47.8%) lives with their spouses and children, 55 women (20.4%) lives with their spouses, 30 women (11.1%) lives alone and 56 women (20.7%) lives with other people. There was chronic disease in 26.7% of the participants, drug use in 22.6% and smoking in 30.4%. It was observed that one person (0.4%) had a sexually transmitted disease. 54.4% of women reported that they menstruated and 32.2% of them had menopause. While 93 participants (34.4%) stated that they used family planning methods, the most frequently applied methods were; IUD (36.6%), withdrawal (25.8%) and condom use (20.4%) were determined. 182 (67.1%) of the participants said that they had at least one cancer screening. Of these participants, 163 had at least one cervical cancer screening, 123 had at least one breast cancer screening, and 24 had at least one colon cancer screening. There are 51 (18.81%) participants who say that they go to regular gynecological examinations. 163 (60.14%) participants stated that they had a smear test before. Two (0.73%) participants stated that they had previously been vaccinated against HPV. Only two (0.73%) of the participants had their children vaccinated against HPV. However, 72 (26.56%) of the participants do not have children. 231 of the participants (85.23%) stated that they would get the HPV vaccine if it was free of charge. Result: In our study, the rate of knowing about cervical cancer is high, but the level of knowledge about HPV DNA test and HPV vaccines is not sufficient. Cancer screening rate is 67.4%, and the most frequently screened cancer types are cervical cancer, breast cancer and colon cancer. Participants' knowledge levels about HPV vaccines were found to be low. The rate of participants getting HPV vaccination and HPV vaccination to their children is very low. It has been recommended to increase the education of the society about cervical cancer and to increase the level of awareness and awareness about cancer screenings and HPV vaccines.
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