The assessment of child-friendly open spaces in urban regeneration projects in İstanbul: The case of Ayazma and Bezirganbahçe
İstanbul'daki kentsel dönüşüm projelerinde çocuk dostu açık alanların değerlendirilmesi: Ayazma ve Bezirganbahçe örneği
- Tez No: 857003
- Danışmanlar: DR. ÖĞR. ÜYESİ BENGİ KORGAVUŞ
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Peyzaj Mimarlığı, Şehircilik ve Bölge Planlama, Landscape Architecture, Urban and Regional Planning
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2024
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: Yeditepe Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Kentsel Tasarım ve Peyzaj Mimarlığı Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: Belirtilmemiş.
Özet
Fulfilling the requirements of child-friendly cities has been part of the agenda of the United Nations since the turn of the millennium. According to a UNICEF Report, child-friendly cities provide children with, firstly, rights of participation in family, community and other social spheres of the city; secondly, having accessibility to basic services of health, education, and housing, as well as safe water and sanitation; and thirdly protecting them from exploitation/abuse and violence. They also permit living in an unpolluted environment with green spaces for plants and animals, and play spaces; being able to walk safely in neighbourhood streets; participating in cultural and social events; and enjoying equal citizenship rights. In the context of this framework, designing and planning urban open spaces, ranging from streets, parks and playgrounds to other recreational areas, is an important task for professionals in design and planning, and for decision-makers in local and central government. The literature review covering European and American cities reveals a wide range of examples with valuable lessons for future implementations. Parallel to this voluminous research, there is also a considerable amount of work produced by Turkish urban planners, landscape architects, architects, and academics; in addition to others working in related disciplines such as law and legal rights, family and social services, psychology, and medicine. In the urbanization experience of Turkey, the post-2000 period denotes a quite different era from those preceding. The devastating consequences of the earthquake in the Marmara region in 1999 necessitated new legal measures in the urban planning, architecture and construction fields. Together with the new laws amended after 2002, the Turkish urban planning system has seen the proliferation of urban regeneration projects implemented by municipalities at the local level or central government-led projects, including the ones made by the Mass Housing Administration (TOKİ) in the last 15 years. The legal basis for the implementation of urban regeneration projects is derived from various laws enacted in the disaster areas, conservation and rehabilitation of historic areas, mass housing law, municipal law, etc. Although, throughout the country, rapid urban development characterized by the illegal/unplanned and substandard building stock requires urgent action, many of the urban regeneration projects (either realized or planned) have received severe criticism by academics, professionals and various non-governmental organizations because of their social, economic and spatial weaknesses. In this context, the aim of this thesis is to find evidence concerning child-friendly urban open spaces in urban regeneration projects planned and implemented by the municipalities, central government and the Mass Housing Administration. For the literature review part, the design requirements of child-friendly cities neighbourhoods will be analysed and successful examples will be presented, by studying case studies from Turkey and abroad. Then, a brief review of the urban regeneration experience of Turkey will be presented in conjunction with the laws enabling this transformation. In the case study analysis part, firstly, the implementation plans prepared by the municipalities from various provinces in Turkey will be examined; and secondly, face-to-face interviews will be conducted with locals, that is to say the users, of some of the regeneration areas in Istanbul to find out whether child-friendly public open spaces have been created or not. In conclusion, findings will be presented and proposals to deal with the shortcomings of these projects will be outlined.
Özet (Çeviri)
Fulfilling the requirements of child-friendly cities has been part of the agenda of the United Nations since the turn of the millennium. According to a UNICEF Report, child-friendly cities provide children with, firstly, rights of participation in family, community and other social spheres of the city; secondly, having accessibility to basic services of health, education, and housing, as well as safe water and sanitation; and thirdly protecting them from exploitation/abuse and violence. They also permit living in an unpolluted environment with green spaces for plants and animals, and play spaces; being able to walk safely in neighbourhood streets; participating in cultural and social events; and enjoying equal citizenship rights. In the context of this framework, designing and planning urban open spaces, ranging from streets, parks and playgrounds to other recreational areas, is an important task for professionals in design and planning, and for decision-makers in local and central government. The literature review covering European and American cities reveals a wide range of examples with valuable lessons for future implementations. Parallel to this voluminous research, there is also a considerable amount of work produced by Turkish urban planners, landscape architects, architects, and academics; in addition to others working in related disciplines such as law and legal rights, family and social services, psychology, and medicine. In the urbanization experience of Turkey, the post-2000 period denotes a quite different era from those preceding. The devastating consequences of the earthquake in the Marmara region in 1999 necessitated new legal measures in the urban planning, architecture and construction fields. Together with the new laws amended after 2002, the Turkish urban planning system has seen the proliferation of urban regeneration projects implemented by municipalities at the local level or central government-led projects, including the ones made by the Mass Housing Administration (TOKİ) in the last 15 years. The legal basis for the implementation of urban regeneration projects is derived from various laws enacted in the disaster areas, conservation and rehabilitation of historic areas, mass housing law, municipal law, etc. Although, throughout the country, rapid urban development characterized by the illegal/unplanned and substandard building stock requires urgent action, many of the urban regeneration projects (either realized or planned) have received severe criticism by academics, professionals and various non-governmental organizations because of their social, economic and spatial weaknesses. In this context, the aim of this thesis is to find evidence concerning child-friendly urban open spaces in urban regeneration projects planned and implemented by the municipalities, central government and the Mass Housing Administration. For the literature review part, the design requirements of child-friendly cities neighbourhoods will be analysed and successful examples will be presented, by studying case studies from Turkey and abroad. Then, a brief review of the urban regeneration experience of Turkey will be presented in conjunction with the laws enabling this transformation. In the case study analysis part, firstly, the implementation plans prepared by the municipalities from various provinces in Turkey will be examined; and secondly, face-to-face interviews will be conducted with locals, that is to say the users, of some of the regeneration areas in Istanbul to find out whether child-friendly public open spaces have been created or not. In conclusion, findings will be presented and proposals to deal with the shortcomings of these projects will be outlined.
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