Kentsel sit alanlarının planlanmasına yönelik bir yöntem araştırması ve Kadıköy-Yeldeğirmeni örneği
A Methodological researh on planning of urban sites and Kadıköy-Yeldeğirmeni case study
- Tez No: 14331
- Danışmanlar: DOÇ.DR. NURAN ZEREN
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Şehircilik ve Bölge Planlama, Urban and Regional Planning
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 1991
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 152
Özet
ÖZET Kentsel sit alanlarının planlanması ve değerlendirilmesi konusunun, Türkiye kapsamında ele alındığı bu çalışmanın ilk bölümünde, niçin bu konunun seçildiği, amaç, içerik ve çalışma yöntemi açıklanmıştır. Konunun seçim nedeni, kentsel sit, alanları planlaması süreci içinde karşılaşı - lan sorunların henüz çözülememiş olması ve bu bölgelerde hazırlanacak planlara temel olacak ortak kriterlerin ortaya konmamış olmasıdır. İkinci bölümde, taşınmaz kültür varlıklarının, ağırlıklı olarak sivil mimarlık örneklerinin korunması sürecinin tarihsel gelişimi incelenmiştir. Kültürel mirasın ancak planlama ile korunabileceği.: konusunda Avrupa'da 20. yüz yılın başlarında ortaya atılan fikirler, Türkiye'de 1970 ve 1980 'li yıllarda gündeme gelmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde; Türkiye'deki kentsel sit alanlarının so runları olduğu ve sınırlarının gün geçtikçe daraldığı görüşü üzerinde durulmuştur. Dördüncü bölümde, Türkiye'deki Kentsel Sit Alanlara Plan laması konusu, şehir plancısı gözüyle incelenmiş, uygulama araçları ve planlama sorunları ortaya konmuştur. Beşinci bölümde, Kentsel Sit Alanları Planlamasının, diğer planlarla genel kapsamda aynı olduğu, detayda farklı lıklar gösterdiği üzerinde durularak, kentsel sit alanı planlamasında izlenebilecek çalışma yönteminden bahsedil miştir. Son bölüm olan altıncı bölümde ise, ortaya konan çalışma yönteminin, Kadıköy ilçesi, Rasimpaşa I. Kentsel Sit Ala nı Yeldeğirmeni.'semtinde denemesi yapılmıştır. Koruma planlarında en önemli aşama, şüphesizdir ki analiz (ön hazırlık) çalışmalarıdır. Plan, bu çalışmaların sağ - lıklı yürütüldüğü ölçüde başarılı olacaktır. Altıncı, bö - lümde bu düşünce ile hareket ederek Yeldeğirmeni Kentsel Sit Alanı, makro ölçekten mikro ölçeğe doğru, yani içinde bulunduğu bölgeden binalarına kadar detaylı olarak ince - lenmeye çalışılmıştır. Daha sonra, veriler değerlendirile rek kararlar üretilmiş ve projelendirilmiştir. xıv
Özet (Çeviri)
A METHODOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON PLANNING OF URBAN SITES AND KADI KÖY-YELDE6 1 RMEN I CASE STUDY SUMMARY The aim of this study is to examine the problems and suggest solutions in the process of preparing Development Plan for Urban Conservation Areas in Türkiye. In this study comprehensive review of the literature is undertaken on the state of the arts of urban conservation and historic preservation with special emphasis, the views and opinions of the authorities both at home and abroad? and the aproach to urban conservation is investigated in dealing with the specific laws, rules and decisions about conservation. Yeldeğirmeni Urban Site is analysed as a case study. Inquires and researches about the area are carried out in the form of reviewing the literature and previous studies, area surveying and questionnaires (within habitants, sub-district authority and local government) Evaluating the obtained data, planning decisions are improved. As mentioned above, study procedure involves following stages: o Examination of the evolution of worldwide approach to conservation of historical architectural monuments. o Investigation of the evolution of the approach to historical preservation arid the present stage reached in Türkiye. o Investigation of the method currently used in urban conservation in Türkiye. o Examination of the problems in urban conservation areas. xvo Investigation of the legal implementation, xnstruments on planning system of urban conservation in Türkiye. o Comparison of General Planning Process and planning process of urban conservation. o A case study, of Kadıköy-Yeldeğirmeni Urban Site. In the first chapter, the reason of choosing this subject, aim, context and research structure of study are explained, The second chapter deals with the evolution of conservation concept of immovable cultural entities, especially examples of civil architecture. In Europe in the beginning of 20th t“ century, it was accepted that conserving of cultural heritage could succeed by comprehensive planning approach in Türkiye. This idea was started to be discussed in 19 70-19 80' s. Until 1930* s conservation applications were made in the form museum approach, then the necessity of conserving examples of civil architecture started to be a topic to talk about. Rapid reconstruction actions in 1950,s caused damaging and removal of many historic values in Türkiye. In reaction to this movement, government policies were created and conservation applications in government responsibility was accepted. In the meantime, important government institutions (for example GEEAYK) were established for prevent undesired development. The idea of conserving historic urban areas were accepted partially and planning of urban sites were emphasized in 19 70' s. Designating, listing and planning of urban sites took part in laws in the name of Act for Conservation of Cultural and Natural Entities in more 'detail in 1980' s. In the meantime, some government institutions in the name of Supreme Committee of Culturalt and Natural Entities and 15 Sub-conservation Committees of Cultural and Natural Entities were established. Besides these changes, some educational institutions (especially universities) put this subject on their programmes. xv iToday, the integrated conservation approach involving historical and architectural entities as well as social and economic aspect of enhancing and revitalizing the urban sites worthy of conservation is the approach that was adopted internationally and being applied as permitted by the available resources. Increasing the number of institutions and interest on this subject and putting it in laws could not solve the problems of implementation of urban sites in application dimension. Urban conservation areas which generally take place in or around the urban center, reflect different characteristics and problems from other parts of the city. In the third chapter, emphasis is given to the physical, functional and socio-economic problems of urban sites. Because of the socio-economic problems and_ political pressures, boundaries of urban sites are become narrower day to day. In these areas, high degree of physical changes and deteriorate take place by functional pressure. After these changes, historical areas loose their characteristics. In most part of these areas, social and economic problems of the inhabitants affected planning, since they are from a low income group and have limited government support. In the fourth chapter, the planning process of urban sites in Türkiye is analysed from the point of view of urban planner and existing planning instruments and planning problems are discussed. Today, planning process of urban sites in Türkiye appears as: o Listing (with surveying and? documenting) and designating of cultural and historic entities; o Decision for the preparation”of the development plan for conservation. o Determining transitional interim building regulations; o Approving and applying the development plan for conservation. xviiIn general, planning process of urban sites is quite similar with other planning process. Due to the differences in detail, planning methodology which should be followed for urban conservation process is emphasized in the fifth chapter. While preparing the plan for urban sites, analysis which consists whole area through a building scale should be prepared. Future generation should have a chance on cultural values to use them as much as existing inhabitants. In the sixth chapter which is the last one, proposed planning methodology is tested on. part of Rasimpaşa I Sub-District of Kadıköy County. Kadıköy-Yeldeğirmeni Urban Site consists of life style and architecture of a certain period in Istanbul's historical and spatial evolution. These architectural heritage belonging to end of 19th century and beginning of 20th century are under economic and functional pressure. In addition to these problems, historic buildings are removed from day to day, because of being close to that city centre and the absence of a plan which could have helped to solve existing conservation problems. Thus, Yeldegirmeni Urban Site is chosen as a study case. The most important stage in planning process of urban conservation is undoubtly area surveying and documenting studies. The performance of plan depends on success of these studies. In this way of thinking, Yeldegirmeni Urban Site is analysed from macro-scale to micro-scale namely from Kadıköy region to its individual buildings. First, depending on time, planning gools and objectives are put forward by the idea otf compulsory developments and changings. Next the obtained data are tested and analysed systematically from entire city to the planning area. The visual, physical, functional and socio-economic characteristics with legal, administrative and economic opportunities of planning area are investigated and *. previous planning studies are inquired. xvmEvaluation and synthesis of data in planning area are included later in this chapter. After this, taking and ennancincy conservation decisions on planning area are proposed. Here, decisions on land use, transportation, applicable interferences on historic buildings and new regulations for new construction and environmental planning area are constituted and projected. L. XIX
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