T. aestivum (Seri-82) x T. durum (Balcalı-85) türler arası buğday melezinin Fl ve F2 bitkilerinde sitolojik ve morfolojik araştırmalar
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 28912
- Danışmanlar: PROF. DR. İBRAHİM GENÇ
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Biyoloji, Ziraat, Biology, Agriculture
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 1993
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: Çukurova Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Tarla Bitkileri Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 91
Özet
T.aestivum t Seri-82) X T.durum (Balcalı-85) Türler Arası Buğday Melezinin Y\ ve F2 Bitkilerinde Morfolojik ve Sitolojik Araştırmalar " konulu bu araştırmada F| ve F2 bitkilerin mitoz ve mayoz bölünmeleri, F2 bitkilerin çiçek tozu canlılığı ve bazı morfolojik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlan aşağıda özetlenmiştir. 1. Taesthnjm (Seri-82) X T.durum (Balcalı-85) türler arası resiproklu melezinde T. aesSAvm ana olarak kullanıldığında dane bağlama oranı (%38.06) T durum ana olarak kullanıldığında elde edilen değere ( % 30.83) göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. 2. Taestivum (Seri-S2) X T.durum (Balcalı-85) melezinin F^ bitkilerinden alman ve F2 bitkilerini verecek tohumlar düz, yan tansık ve tansık olmak üzere 3 gruba ayrıldıktan sonra anaçlar, F} ve F2 tohumlan çimlendirildiğinde çimlenme oranı, radicula, plumula ve toplam fide uzunluğu(cm) ve tohum çimlenme kuvveti (seed vigor index) değerleri F2 düz tohumlarında en yüksek, Y\ (BXA)'de ise en düşük bulunmuştur. 3. T.aesüi'Vm ( Seri-82) X T.durum (Balcalı-85) türler arası melez bitkiler 2n=35 kromozomlu (pentaploid) bulunmuştur. Pentaploid bitkilerin metai'az-I safhasında 5.44 univalent, 13.64 bivalent ve 0.72 multivalent oluşturduğu saptanmıştır. 4. T.aesmvm (Seri-82) X T.durum (Balcalı-85) türler arası buğday melezinin F2 bitkilerinde incelenen 600 adet tohumdan 94 tanesinde kromozom sayısı tespit edilmiştir, incelenen 94 bitkinin 47'sini 2n=29, 2n=30, 2n=31 ve 2n=32 kromozomlu bitkiler oluşturmaktadır. 2n=39 kromozoma sahip 1 bitki bulunurken 2n=42 kromozoma sahip bitki ise bulunamamıştır. Aynı zamanda kromozom sayısı ile gruplara ayrılan F2 tohumlan arasında bir ilişki saptanmamıştır. 5. Kromozom sayılan belli bitkilerden alınan başaklarda yapılan inceleme sonucu polen canlılığı 2n=29 kromozomlu bitkilerde en yüksek i% 92.3), 2n=39 kromozomlu bitkide ise en düşük (% 615) bulunmuştur.-68. 6. Kromozom sayıları belli olan bitkilerde metafaz-I safhasında kromozom eşleşmeleri incelendiğinde kromozom sayısı 2n
Özet (Çeviri)
This research was conducted to study the cytological characteristics of F'j and T'2 populations obtained by reciprocal crossing between bread wheat cultivar Scri-82 and durum wheat cultivar Balcah-85. In addition, pollen viability and some morDholoeical characters were studied on the B population, The result of the study were summarized as following: 1 ) Seed set percentage from the crossing in which Seri-82 was used as female parent was higher than from the the crossing in which Balcah-85 was used as female parent. 2) The seeds with good grain filling of the F2 plants showed higher avarage germination percentage, radicle, plumule and seedling length and seed vigor index than those of parents and Y\ plants. 3) The reciprocal hybrids showed a chromosome number of 2n=35. These plants showed 5.44 univalents, 13.64 bivalent and 0.72 multivalents at the 1st metaphases. 4) From the cytologically studied 94 F2 plants, 47 showed the chromosome numbers such as 2n=29, 30, 31 and 32. One F2 plant was with a chromosome number 2n=39. It was determined that there was not any correlation between seed development on the Y\ plants and chromosome number of the F2 plants. 5) The highest averaged pollen viability was determined on the pollens of the F2 plants with a chromosome number of 2n=29, and the lowest one on those of the F2 plants with a chromosome number of 2n=39. 6) By the approach of chromosome number toward 2n=28 or 42 decreased the number of univalent at the 1st metaphases. In contrast, approaching the chromosome number toward 2n=35 increased the number of univalent. On the other hand, the plants showing sterile or fertile chromosome combinations were also determined among the F2 plants. 7) From the meiotic studies, it was concluded that the plants with a chromosome number of 2n=28 show a chromosome pairing as 14^ at the 1st metaphases, and these plants are disomic The plants with 2n=41 showed a chromosome paring as 20^+1* and these plants were monosomic. The plants with 2n=40 showed a chromosome pairing as 19^+2 1 and these plants were double monosomic.70- 8) According to the spike type, the F2 plants were classified into two groups such as tetraploide type and hexaploide type. Most of the F2 plants showed a tetraploid type of spike. 9) When comparised parents, F\ and F2 populations, the lowest avaraged plant height was measured from the F2 (AXB) plants while the highest one was measured from the parent Balcah-85. The highest spike length was measured from the parent Seri-82, and the lowest one from the another parent Balcah-85. The highest avaraged number of spikelet per spike was counted from the parent Balcah-85 and the lowest one from the F2(AXB) plants. The highest avaraged number of seeds per spike was obtained from the parent Seri-82 and the lowest one from the F2(AXB). 10) The avaraged spike length in the F2 plants in which the chromosome numbers were counted was detemined as 8.81. The plants with 2n=34 showed the highest avaraged spike length While the plants with 2n=29 showed the lowest one. The avaraged number of seeds per spike in the cytologically studied plants was determined as 1251 seeds per spike. The highest avaraged number of seeds per spike was obtained from the plants with 2n=29, and the lowest one from the plants with 2n=33. The avaraged weight of seeds per spike in the cytologically studied plants was determined as 036 g The highest avaraged weight of seeds per spike was obtained from the plants with 2n=29 and 2n=28, and the lowest one from the plants with 2n=33. The avaraged 1000 seed weight in the cytologically studied plants was determined as 33.91 g. The highest 1000 seed weight was obtained from the plants with 2n=39 and the lowest one from the plants with 2n=31.
Benzer Tezler
- Buğdayda (Tiriticum aestivum L.) protoplast izolasyonu, kültürü ve bitki regenerasyonu
Protoplast isolation, culture and plant regeneration on wheat (Triticum aestium L.)
AKİF ESKALEN
- 8x8 diallel ekmeklik buğday (T. aestivum L.) melez populasyonunda bazı tarımsal ve kalite özelliklerinin kalıtımı
Inheritance of certain agronomical and quality characteristics in 8x8 diallel bread wheat (T.aestivum L.) cross population
ŞAHİN DERE
