Tarihi ve özgün çevrelerde yeni yapı sorunu ve 'İnfil' olgusuna farklı yaklaşımlar
New buildings in old settlements and different design criteria about 'İnfill' building
- Tez No: 39530
- Danışmanlar: PROF.DR. MİNE İNCEOĞLU
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Mimarlık, Architecture
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 1994
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 85
Özet
Cultural specific aspects of traditional environments bring out important principals and lessons for environmental shapers or even pedestrians. Their physical, social and cultural qualities are significant and they complete each other with invisible mechanisms. This is why the“infill”building, which can be defined as a building that is built on an empty space in traditional settlement, has an important role. The thesis examines that what can architect do, when designing the infill building, in order to form a visual harmony with its context, to reflect the cultural, traditional, and technological state of the present and to link past with the future. The way of doing this is, at fist defining the different design strategies by the different analyze methods. There are a variety of ways to design a new building so that it is sympathetic to its architectural context. On the one hand one may literally copy architectural elements from the surroundings; on the other hand, one may use totally new forms to evoke, perhaps even to enhance, the visual flavor of existing buildings. Either of these approaches, or anything in between, is satisfactory as long as it is skillfully done. There are various types of making visual analysis that can be done either before designing the building or after it was built criticizing. In these thesis some of these analysis are studied. One of these is based on observers ideas about the building. By expanding the visual information base, we can understand more abash the form, action, and interpretations given to environmental settings. Understanding and producing images, and questioning what they mean, is the central theme of this method. Various strategies have been explored that can expend observers recorded visual information base. Diagramming, photo-interviewing, photosorting, mapping, notation, simulation, videotaping, and CAD suggest the rage of media and methods available for expanding our comprehension of our everyday visual environment. The other method is base on some objective measurements of building facades or their two dimensional models-drawings in architectural design from the aesthetic view. The existing methods for subjective and objective measurement of facades can be discussed and some examples can be given. IX
Özet (Çeviri)
SUMMARY New Buiidings in Old Settlements and Different Design Criteria About“Infili”Building Along with its myriad attributes, the most important quality of a building is its ability to shape the social and cultural fiber of the society by means of shaping its environment. Because of this reason alone, a new building should not be designed without a comprehensive analysis and grasp of the essence of its surroundings. Due to their fundamental role in the cultural continuity, this is especially important in the design of new buildings in the historical and traditional settings. There are essential attributes an“infill”building must posses when it is designed for a traditional and historical setting. These attributes are; to form a visual harmony with its context, to reflect the cultural, traditional, and tecnnological state of the present and to link past with the füture. The purpose of this thesis is to define in detail the attributes that an infill building in a traditional and historical setting is required to posses and to determine, analyze and evaluate the design criteria and techniques to achieve these requirements. Hence, to come up with a set of design techniques and criteria that can be used in the in historical and traditional settings. For making these analysis, at first the image of the environment, the meaning of the environment and the meaning of the space must be defined. in relation to man, environment has ahvays more information than the capacity of man to deal with. And this information is not just the stimulus which acts only upon the visual nerves, rather it has symbolic meanings and motivational messages which define, limit and direct man's objectives and actions in the environment. Most often, man's perception of the city is not sustained, but rather partial, fragmentary, mixed with other conceras. Nearly every sense is in operation, and the image is the composîte of them ali. While it may be stable in general outlines for some time, it is ever changing in detail. Only partial control can be exercised över its growth and form. There is no final result, only a continuous succession of phases. The clarity ör legibility is by no means the only important property of a beautiful city, it is of special importance when considering environments at the urban scale of size, time and complexity. We must consider not just the city as a thing in itself, but the city being perceived by its inhabitants. VIUnderstanding the differences of the formation of the environment, it is necessary to explore man's evolution and his cultural relations \vith the environment Each society in the spectrum of cultural evolution has its own way in using time, space and land. Thus a humanized environment reflects man's existence and identity by its shape. The integration of man and the environment is described as mobility, urbanity and metropolitan civilization. There are other influences on imageability, such as the social meaning of an area, its function, its history, ör even its name. The contents of the city images, which are referable to physical forms, can conveniently be clssified into five types of elements: pats, edges, districts, nodes, and landmarks. Paths are the channels which the observer customarily, occasionally ör potentially moves. For many people these are the predominant elements in their image. People observe the city while moving through it. Edges are the boundaries between two phases, like linear breaks in continuity: shores, railroad cuts, walls, edges of developments. They are for many people important organizing features, particularly in the role of holding together generalized areas, as in the outüne of a city by water ör wall. Districts are the medium-to-large sections of the city. They are always identifiable from the inside, they are also used for exterior reference if visible from the outside. Nodes are points, the strategic spots in a city into which an observer can enter, and which are the intensive foci to and from which he is traveling. Many nodes, partake of the nature of both junctions and concentrations. in any events, some nodal points are to be found in almost every image, and in certain cases they may be the dominant feature. Landmarks are another type of point-reference, but the observer does not enter within them, they are external. They are usually a rather simply defîned physical object: building, sign, store, ör mountain. They are frequenüy used clues of identity and even of structure, and seem to be increasingjy relied upon as a journey becomes more and more familiar. We are continuously engaged in the attempl to organize our surroundings, to structure and identify them. Various environments are more ör less amenable to such treatment. When reshaping cities it should be possible to give them a form which facilitates these organizing efforts rather than frustrates them. VIIThe other method is to make some typologic analysis. Analysis can be define as, interior space typology, facade typology and building form typology. Using these typologies an architect can find some criteria about existing environment. Among these the first method is chosen. Some new buildings in Beyoğlu, Istanbul are chosen and two different inquiry has been done. One of them is about contextual harmony of buildings. The other one is about ecstatic considerations about buildings. According to the results of the survey, following conclusions can be reached: A new building, which is created for the needs and expactation of the present and built by the contemporary construction tecnologies should be a comment of the past in its design. Otherwise, designing exact replica of the existing building can be more appealing than an ordinary comment.Cultural specific aspects of traditional environments bring out important principals and lessons for environmental shapers or even pedestrians. Their physical, social and cultural qualities are significant and they complete each other with invisible mechanisms. This is why the“infill”building, which can be defined as a building that is built on an empty space in traditional settlement, has an important role. The thesis examines that what can architect do, when designing the infill building, in order to form a visual harmony with its context, to reflect the cultural, traditional, and technological state of the present and to link past with the future. The way of doing this is, at fist defining the different design strategies by the different analyze methods. There are a variety of ways to design a new building so that it is sympathetic to its architectural context. On the one hand one may literally copy architectural elements from the surroundings; on the other hand, one may use totally new forms to evoke, perhaps even to enhance, the visual flavor of existing buildings. Either of these approaches, or anything in between, is satisfactory as long as it is skillfully done. There are various types of making visual analysis that can be done either before designing the building or after it was built criticizing. In these thesis some of these analysis are studied. One of these is based on observers ideas about the building. By expanding the visual information base, we can understand more abash the form, action, and interpretations given to environmental settings. Understanding and producing images, and questioning what they mean, is the central theme of this method. Various strategies have been explored that can expend observers recorded visual information base. Diagramming, photo-interviewing, photosorting, mapping, notation, simulation, videotaping, and CAD suggest the rage of media and methods available for expanding our comprehension of our everyday visual environment. The other method is base on some objective measurements of building facades or their two dimensional models-drawings in architectural design from the aesthetic view. The existing methods for subjective and objective measurement of facades can be discussed and some examples can be given. IXThe other method is to make some typologic analysis. Analysis can be define as, interior space typology, facade typology and building form typology. Using these typologies an architect can find some criteria about existing environment. Among these the first method is chosen. Some new buildings in Beyoğlu, Istanbul are chosen and two different inquiry has been done. One of them is about contextual harmony of buildings. The other one is about ecstatic considerations about buildings. According to the results of the survey, following conclusions can be reached: A new building, which is created for the needs and expactation of the present and built by the contemporary construction tecnologies should be a comment of the past in its design. Otherwise, designing exact replica of the existing building can be more appealing than an ordinary comment.
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