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The genetic basis of host plant specialisation in Nilaparvata lugens

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  1. Tez No: 400171
  2. Yazar: METİN SEZER
  3. Danışmanlar: DR. ROGER K. BUTLİN
  4. Tez Türü: Doktora
  5. Konular: Biyoloji, Biology
  6. Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
  7. Yıl: 1998
  8. Dil: İngilizce
  9. Üniversite: Unıversıty Of Leeds
  10. Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
  11. Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  12. Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  13. Sayfa Sayısı: Belirtilmemiş.

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Özet (Çeviri)

This study describes the genetic architecture of host plant adaptation in two hostraces of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Homoptera: Delphacidae): onefeeding on cultivated rice, Oryza sativa, and the other feeding on a semi-aquaticweed grass Leersia hexandra. Host associated preference and performance traits, andcharacteristics of sexual signals were examined between stock populations, inbredlines and their hybrids.Proportional weight change, survival and development time were used asperformance indices. Most of the performance differences between populations seemto be controlled by a few genes. Dominance in the direction of rice population alleleswas quite strong, and there was evidence for epistatic interaction. Nymph to adultsurvival of the cross classes was found to be highly correlated with mean weightchange of the adults. A significant negative correlation between performance on riceand Leersia over class means was detected. There was significant interactionbetween host plant species and additive or dominance genetic components, whichgives evidence of a fitness trade-off.The oviposition preference data indicated that this trait also has a simple geneticbasis, but in this case there was no evidence of either directional dominance or nonallelicinteraction. The simple genetic architecture of host associated performanceand oviposition preference is expected if there was a sympatric host shift. However,contrary to the theoretical expectation from models of sympatric host-raceformation, there was no detectable genetic association between the traits. The factthat individual females tend to spread out their eggs may have helped to promote ahost shift despite this lack of association.Mating signals are considered that may provide a pre-mating isolation barrierbetween these two populations. It is shown that an effective number of loci of 2-3without any apparent directional dominance, underlies the male sexual signals.Proportional modulation to PRF was significantly lower in F1 and F2 hybrid malesong than in the parents, indicating probable selection forces against the hybrids. Forthe female songs, the effective number of loci was estimated as 4-5. There wasevidence of dominance in the direction of the rice population. The signal divergenceseems to be a result of genetic drift. Another possibility could be that there is agenetic connection between signals and ecologically important traits or pleitropiceffect of genes over the traits.

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