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Maladaptive schemas effect on depression in diabetes

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  1. Tez No: 403186
  2. Yazar: DERYA ÖZTÜRK
  3. Danışmanlar: Dr. ARIE NOUWEN
  4. Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
  5. Konular: Psikoloji, Psychology
  6. Anahtar Kelimeler: Early Maladaptive Schema, Stress, Depression, Diabetes
  7. Yıl: 2014
  8. Dil: İngilizce
  9. Üniversite: Middlesex University
  10. Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
  11. Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  12. Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  13. Sayfa Sayısı: 50

Özet

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Özet (Çeviri)

Background Depression is related to both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cognitive variables, such as core beliefs, or early maladaptive schemas (EMSs), are hypothesized to play a role in the development of depression when activated by stress. Aim This study aimed to examine the associations between early maladaptive schemas and major depressive episodes/symptoms, including the significant connection between early maladaptive schemas and life stress or stress related to diabetes. Method A cross-sectional design was used including standardized questionnaires. Participants Data was collected from 84 people diagnosed with either Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes, attending the Diabetes Clinic at the Istanbul Faculty of Medicine. Of those, 30 people were currently depressed and had received a diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD), 24 had previously been diagnosed with MDD but were currently not depressed, and 30 had never been diagnosed with MDD and were currently not depressed. All participants completed a questionnaire relating to depression, perceived stress, diabetes related distress, self-care of diabetes, and early maladaptive schemas. Results Participants who were currently depressed had higher scores on the maladaptive schema domain of Impaired Autonomy/Performance and Disconnection/Rejection than participants who had never been depressed with the previously depressed participant not significantly differing from either. Multinomial logistic regression analyses showed that membership of the currently depressed and previously depressed groups was associated with the maladaptive schema domains of Impaired Autonomy/Performance and Disconnection/Rejection. However, when controlling for perceived stress, Impaired Autonomy/Performance was no longer significantly associated with current depressed group.but remained significantly associated with previous depression. stress related to diabetes, BMI, age, and HbA1c (hemoglobin) did not change these relationships. Conclusion The results suggest that the association of Impaired Autonomy/Performance schema domain with previous depression indicate a cognitive vulnerability to depression in this group. Current depression was better explained by perceived general stress than by cognitive vulnerability. These results are consistent with Beck's Cognitive Theory of depression (Beck, 1967). In order to treat and prevent recurrence of depression it would be useful to focus on early maladaptive schemas in patients with diabetes. In addition, stress control techniques would be an effective way to manage depression in diabetes programs. Finally, the findings of this study suggest that EMSs influence the onset of depressive disorders or depressive symptoms. However, further prospective longitudinal research is needed to draw upon the causal relation between EMSs and depression.

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