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Tam zamanında üretim sistemi üzerinde hedef programlamasının uygulanması

Nonlinear goal programming applications on just in time systems

  1. Tez No: 46385
  2. Yazar: A.MERT AKSU
  3. Danışmanlar: DOÇ.DR. MEHMET TANYAŞ
  4. Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
  5. Konular: Endüstri ve Endüstri Mühendisliği, Industrial and Industrial Engineering
  6. Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
  7. Yıl: 1995
  8. Dil: Türkçe
  9. Üniversite: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi
  10. Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
  11. Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  12. Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  13. Sayfa Sayısı: 110

Özet

ÖZET Rekabetin küreselleşme sonucu yoğunlaştığı günümüzde, her türlü kararı alırken birden fazla amacı gözönünde bulundurma zorunluluğu, yöneticileri Çok Amaçlı Karar Verme tekniklerinden yararlanmaya yöneltmektedir. Bu çalışmada da bir Çok Amaçlı Karar Verme yöntemi olan Hedef programlaması üzerinde durulmuş ve Nonlineer Hedef Programlaması ile günümüzün gözde uygulamalarından biri olan Tam Zamanında Üretim Sistemi üzerinde bir uygulama gerçekleştirilmiştir. Birinci bölümde çok genel bir giriş yapılmış ve bunu takiben ikinci bölümde üretim sistemleri konusunda bilgi verilmiş, üretim fonksiyonu, üretim sistemleri ile üretim planlama ve kontrol sistemleri tanıtılmıştır. Üçüncü bölümde Tam Zamanında Üretim ve Kanban Sistemi incelenmiş, Tam Zamanında Üretim kavram» ve amacı, kapsamı, uygulanması, Kanban Sistemi ve işleyişi anlatılmıştır. Dördüncü bölümde Karar Analizleri, Çok Amaçlı Karar Verme ve Hedef Programlaması konuları hakkında temel bilgi verildikten sonra Nonlineer Hedef Programlaması ele alınmış ve Iteratif Nonlineer Hedef Programlaması Prosedürü bir örnek ile açıklanmıştır. Beşinci bölümde Tam Zamanında Üretim Sisteminin kurulması sırasında karşılaşılmış gerçek bir problem seçilerek amaç ve hedefler belirlenmiş, problemin yapısı gereği nonlineer hedef programlaması modeli kurulmuş ve iteratif nonlineer hedef programlaması yaklaşımı ile çömm gerçekleştirilmiştir. -vu-

Özet (Çeviri)

SUMMARY (NONUNEER GOAL PROGRAMMING APPLICATIONS ON JUST-IN TIME SYSTEMS) Because of globalization all over the world, the highly developed competetion results in increasing importance of“customer”concept. To satisfy customers become the main objective of all companies. Production management is one of the tools to reach this objective. Production managerts have to answer many questons for many sub functions, for example for procurement“what, when, how much and from whom”, for production“what, how, when, how much”, for inventories * what, where, when, how much“, for distribution ”what, where to, when, how much“, for work force ”what skills, where, how large, when“, for facilities ”what kind, where, what capacity, when“ are the questions to be answered. But it is difficult to answer all of these questions properly and pnduction managers hava to face many problems. They try many applications. They are like people on a safari in Africa or a voyage to the exotic Orient, looking for hidden treasure, diamond mines or priceless antiques - in short for a once-in-a- lifetime-discovery that would cure al ills (problems) and take care of them (production) forever. With this discovery they (production managers) imagine, they wouldn't have to work and worry for the rest of life (production). And at last the truth, the ”magic potion“, that will make a company a world- class competitor, is discovered by Toyota Motor. It is Just-in Time System and its philosophy saying that improvement must never stop. it is based on samurai tradition that a warrior ( a manager) never stops perfecting his style (improving his managerial abilities, and never stops polishing his sword (improving the process and the product) -VtH-Recent increased interest in the multiple objective model has led to the development of an effective methodology for both the modelling and solution of virtually all classes of multiple objective problems that one might expect to encounter. This methodology is based on straightforward extensions to a technique known as ”goal programming“. Goal programming allows one to extend the capabilities of mathematical models so as to encompass decision involving multiple objectives. This is accomplished by assigning, to each objective, a priority (actually, a preemptive priority) that should reflect the priorities of the decision maker. If such preemptive priorities can be established, rather straightforward mathematical techniques are available. Everyone having a familiarity with linear programming can recognize that the basis for many of the problem solving techniques rests on the well-tested simplex method of linear programming. An important property of goal programming is its capability to handle managerial problems that involve multiple incompatible goals according to their importance. If management is capable of establishing ordinal importance of goals in a decision system, the goal programming model provides management with the opportunity to analyze the soundness of their goal structure. The goal programming approach to be taken should be carefully examined by the decision maker before he employs the technique. The most important advantage of goal programming in ite great flexibility, which allows model simulation with numerous variations of constraints and goal priorities. It can be applied to almost unlimited managerial and administrative decision areas. Also with any approach to problem solving, the solution to the problem is only as good as the model used to represent the problem. Thus most errors or anormalities in goal programming are often not the fault of the method, but rather due to the lack of care given in building the model. Althoug we useily prefer lineer models when using goal programming in fact generally the world is nonlineer. Also there are techniques for solving problems that cannot expressed lineeriy. One of them is Nonlineer Goal Programming. -XI-Goal Programming is one of the useful Multiple Criteria Decision Making methods. In this paper an application of a Nonlineer Goal Programming method, Iterative Nonlineer Goal Programming, on Just-In Time Systems, one of the most popular management applications of nowadays, is established. After giving overall konowledge in the first section, in the second section knowledge about production systems, production management funtions and production planning and control methods is given and they are compared with each other. The subject of the third section is Just-In Time and Kanban Systems. Just-In Time concept, aim of Just-In Time System, the flow of Kanban System is also Is given in this section. In the fourth section main titles are Decision Analysis, Multiple Criteria Decision Making and Goal Programming. Also Nonlineer Goal Programming and the procedure for Iterative Nonlineer Goal Programming is explained in this section. An application of the Iterative Nonlineer Goal Programming procedure on Just- In Time Systems is the main subject of the last section, in this section a real world problem is establihed in which the lot sizes of three material groups that will be used in production is need to be found out in order to run Kanban System. -xu-Recent increased interest in the multiple objective model has led to the development of an effective methodology for both the modelling and solution of virtually all classes of multiple objective problems that one might expect to encounter. This methodology is based on straightforward extensions to a technique known as ”goal programming". Goal programming allows one to extend the capabilities of mathematical models so as to encompass decision involving multiple objectives. This is accomplished by assigning, to each objective, a priority (actually, a preemptive priority) that should reflect the priorities of the decision maker. If such preemptive priorities can be established, rather straightforward mathematical techniques are available. Everyone having a familiarity with linear programming can recognize that the basis for many of the problem solving techniques rests on the well-tested simplex method of linear programming. An important property of goal programming is its capability to handle managerial problems that involve multiple incompatible goals according to their importance. If management is capable of establishing ordinal importance of goals in a decision system, the goal programming model provides management with the opportunity to analyze the soundness of their goal structure. The goal programming approach to be taken should be carefully examined by the decision maker before he employs the technique. The most important advantage of goal programming in ite great flexibility, which allows model simulation with numerous variations of constraints and goal priorities. It can be applied to almost unlimited managerial and administrative decision areas. Also with any approach to problem solving, the solution to the problem is only as good as the model used to represent the problem. Thus most errors or anormalities in goal programming are often not the fault of the method, but rather due to the lack of care given in building the model. Althoug we useily prefer lineer models when using goal programming in fact generally the world is nonlineer. Also there are techniques for solving problems that cannot expressed lineeriy. One of them is Nonlineer Goal Programming. -XI-Goal Programming is one of the useful Multiple Criteria Decision Making methods. In this paper an application of a Nonlineer Goal Programming method, Iterative Nonlineer Goal Programming, on Just-In Time Systems, one of the most popular management applications of nowadays, is established. After giving overall konowledge in the first section, in the second section knowledge about production systems, production management funtions and production planning and control methods is given and they are compared with each other. The subject of the third section is Just-In Time and Kanban Systems. Just-In Time concept, aim of Just-In Time System, the flow of Kanban System is also Is given in this section. In the fourth section main titles are Decision Analysis, Multiple Criteria Decision Making and Goal Programming. Also Nonlineer Goal Programming and the procedure for Iterative Nonlineer Goal Programming is explained in this section. An application of the Iterative Nonlineer Goal Programming procedure on Just- In Time Systems is the main subject of the last section, in this section a real world problem is establihed in which the lot sizes of three material groups that will be used in production is need to be found out in order to run Kanban System. -xu-

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