Ataturk and Reza Shah evaluating their secular reforms to the civil code
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- Tez No: 517059
- Danışmanlar: Dr. MAHDI AHOUIE
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Hukuk, Law
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Iran, Turkey, Civil code, Secularization, Modernization, Strong states, weak societies
- Yıl: 2015
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: Unıversıty Of Tehran
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: Belirtilmemiş.
Özet
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Özet (Çeviri)
The current thesis evaluates the processes of modernization and secularization under the reigns of Reza Shah and Ataturk, their secularization attempts to the judicial system, civil code, in particular. This thesis offers valuable insights while addressing its fundamental concern that in a sharp contrast to Ataturk who was able to implement such reforms successfully, why Reza Shah was unable to reform his country's judicial system, particularly its civil code, based on his policy of secularization. This study is based on 'state in society'' theoretical framework. This theoretical framework is usually applied to study developing countries, where there is a constant struggle between the state and various social groups consisted of effendis, religious leaders, rich peasants, and landlords over social control. The strengths of these other social groups may influence the priorities of state leaders which may undermine their ability to enforce laws and implement state policies. Using this theoretical framework in the present study I conclude that in a sharp contrast to Ataturk who had been able to briskly secularized, an already modernized Turkey, Reza Shah's efforts to modernize and secularize Iran were undermined by his inability to reform the civil code completely. This inability indicates a frail leadership which was resisted by resilient social groups i.e. highly influential Ulama and conservative segments of a strong society.
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