Ana sanayi yan sanayi ilişkileri ve Türk otomotiv sanayinde bir uygulama
Buyer-supplier relations and buyer-supplier relations in Turkish automative industry
- Tez No: 62435
- Danışmanlar: PROF. DR. AKMUT ÖZDEMİR
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: İşletme, Business Administration
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 1997
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: Ankara Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: İşletme Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 278
Özet
SUMMARY The complexity of the current economic situation characterized by the internalization of the markets and the rapid technological changes, has changed the way in which production is organized and in which manufacturing firms relate to the market. To operate succesfully in this competitive market, firms need to focus on their key manufacturing activities and buy what they do not directly produce from external sources. These changes have forced firms to develop cooperative relationships with their suppliers. Most important advantages that a cooperative relationship brings to the buyer firm are as follows: Reducing costs while maintaining quality, better utilization of investments, adjustment to fluctuations in demand and becoming more efficient by using the suppliers' specialized knowledge. On the other hand; the inability of the supplier to meet the production targets (technical specifications, delivery targets e.t.c.) presents the most important problem for the buyer firm. The major advantage mat suppliers may receive from this relationship, is the stability of the orders. Moreover; the technical, managerial and sometimes financial assistance given to the supplier by the the buyer firm enables him to specialize on a specific field. And specialization gives the supplier benefits of higher productivitiy and greater independence. But also, because of the disparete bargaining strength between the buyer and the supplier, the former may impose unreasonable demands on the latter. To promote the buyer-supplier relationship; not only the buyer and supplier firms themselves, but also the goverment, industrial extension centres and other promotion and assistance agencies and subcontracting exchanges, must play an active role. 243In the traditional approach, the buyer and its suppliers are assumed as adversaries. So the relationship between them is based on price and characterized by short-term contracts and arms-length relationships. But in todays world; buyers have realized that, the ability to produce a quality product at a reasonable cost and in a timely manner, is heavily influced by their suppliers' capabilities. Therefore, a growing number of firms now tend to set up new cooperative relationships with their suppliers both in the context of operations and within the areas of innovation, product/process and technological development. The symbiotic relationship has become the winning model of the relationship between the buyer and the supplier in the 1990s. The model succesfully operates in Japan and it is obvious that in other countries, the buyer supplier relationships have undergone and still undergoing a profound transformation which is characterized by a shift to symbiotic relationships. The shift from the traditional relationship to the symbiotic relationship has taken place under the auspieces of new production philosophies such as flexible production, flexible specialization and lean production. The main features of these new philosophies are; elemination of waste, continuous incremental improvements, zero defect, kanban and just-in-time production, multiskilled workers organized in teams, cooperative relationships, simultaneous engineering. One outcome of the trend of symbiotic relationships is that an increasing number of buyer firms are reducing their total number of suppliers and arranging them in tiers. Supply base rationalization is accompanied by substantially longer term contracts and early involment by suppliers in the development of desing specifications. Moreover the establishment of long-term relationships with suppliers lead buyers to leave the responsibility of quality control to the suppliers. Also buyer firms are now relying on suppliers for an increasing number of components and subassemblies as opposed to simple parts. In addition to these changes, buyer firms 244are now more concerned with negotiating and developing a price structure which is fair for both parties instead of imposing low prices to the suppliers. Another important feature of the new buyer-supplier relationships is the geographical location of suppliers. Since buyer firms find it easier to develop long- term relationships with the suppliers in close proximity; they are encouraging their suppliers to locate their operations close by. The information gathered from our survey of supplier firms has shown that such a symbiotic model of supplier relations is not yet firmly in place in Turkish automotive industry. In Turkey, the main obstacle to the growth of the ancillary industry is the general instability of the automotive sector. Because of the uneconomical production levels of the buyer firms, the great variety of the products and the pressure of the price-based competition, supplier firms cannot reach economic production levels and so cannot improve their performance in quality, just-in-time production and product/process innovation. And since the level of sophistication of the suppliers is not high enough, it becomes difficult to establish a long-term and symbiotic relationship between the both parties. If the Turkish automakers wish to compete in the global automotive industry which is now characterized by technology and quality based competition, they will need to establish symbiotic relationships with their suppliers. Although the estab lishment of such a relationship takes time; it is inevitable that the supplier relations in Turkish automotive industry will soon be undergoing vast changes. 245
Özet (Çeviri)
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