Exploring sensory responses in the differentsubdivisions of the visual thalamus
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 717114
- Danışmanlar: DR. JUDİTH HİRSCH
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Biyoloji, Nöroloji, Biology, Neurology
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2019
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: University of Southern California
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 101
Özet
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Özet (Çeviri)
The visual role of thalamus is more than a passive relay of visual information to the primary visual cortex. Indeed, thalamus has various visual structures with different roles. To begin with, the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) is composed of substructures which have different functions. Its well studied dorsal division (dLGN) relays visual information from the retina to the primary visual cortex. On the other hand, the ventral division (vLGN) and associated intergeniculate leaflet (IGL) do not project to cortex. These two structures (vLGN/IGL) connect with many subcorticalstructuressuch assuperior colliculus(SC) and pretectum, hence they likely have both sensory and motor roles, also referred as non‐image forming visual functions. In addition to the LGN, the visual thalamusincludes a small portion of the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN), a network of GABAergic cells. The TRN is usually studied in the context of sleep and attention, but our knowledge of its contributions to visual function is sparse. How do these different structures in the thalamus process visual information? What functions do they serve in the visual system? To address these questions, I first explored on the visual processing in the vLGN/IGL via electrophysiological recordings from individual neurons in mice and how that compares to the dLGN and SC. The size of receptive fields in the vLGN was larger than the ones in the dLGN. The dendritic arbors in the vLGN was commensurately larger and the size of individual post‐synaptic currents were smaller. When compared to SC, the temporal precision observed in the vLGN was lower, along with coarser spatial receptive fields. The vLGN also exhibited visual gamma band viii oscillations, similar to SC. The strength of these oscillations also changed during the presentation of naturalistic stimulation, suggesting a role for oscillations during natural vision. Then, I moved on to investigate the visual receptive field structure in the TRN in mice. The receptive fields in TRN were mostly ON – OFF, though one contrast was generally dominant. In terms of spatial scale, around half of the cells in TRN had receptive fields as small as the ones in dLGN, providing a meansfor localized reticular inhibition on LGN. At the same time, the temporal profile of the receptive fields revealed that bursts encode different information than tonic spikes in both TRN and dLGN. Bursts were preceded with a stronger phase of non‐preferred contrast leading the stimuli of preferred contrast, than tonic spikes. This suggests that visual stimulus can change the mode of firing and bursts likely have a distinct role during vision. When compared to previous studies, our results highlight conserved aspects of visual processing in TRN in mouse, a leading model system to study attention and neural circuits. Overall, this work provides a fuller understanding of the role of various visual thalamic nuclei and how they process visual information.
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