Toplu konut alanlarında açık alanların kullanıcı memnuniyeti açısından değerlendirilmesi: Ataşehir örneği
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 75305
- Danışmanlar: DOÇ. DR. LALE BERKÖZ
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Şehircilik ve Bölge Planlama, Urban and Regional Planning
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 1998
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Şehir ve Bölge Planlama Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Peyzaj Bilim Dalı
- Sayfa Sayısı: 145
Özet
ÖZET Araştırmada, toplu konut alanlarında çevre düzenleme ilkeleri ele alınmış, Alaşehir Toplu Konut Yerleşmesi'nde, konut çevresi açık alanların, kullanıcılar tarafından değerlendirilmesi ortaya konmuş, kullanıcıların açık alanlardan memnuniyet ve beklentileri araştırılmıştır. Araştırma yedi bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde konuya giriş yapılmış,toplu konut alanlarını ortaya koyan nedenler ele alınmış, araştırmanın amacı ve kapsamı ortaya konmuştur. İkinci bölümde toplu konut ve uydukent tanımlan yapılmış, dünyada ve Türkiye'de toplu konut yerleşmelerinin tarihsel gelişimi ve bu alanlarda yapılan çevre düzenlemelerinin durumu ele alınmıştır. Üçüncü bölümde, toplu konut alanlarında peyzaj planlama ilkeleri irdelenmiştir. Genel olarak çevre düzenleme kriterleri incelenmiş, planlama sırasında çevresel kaliteyi etkileyen etmenlere değinilmiştir. Peyzaj planlama ilkeleri, psikolojik gereksinmeler ve fiziksel çevre kontrolünün sağlanması yönünden, estetik ve işlevsel yönlerden ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca, toplu konut alanı planlamasında mimarlık ve peyzaj mimarlığı arasındaki ilişki ortaya konmuştur. Dördüncü bölümde, Avrupa, Amerika ve Asya'da uygulanan bazı toplu konut alanları ve uydukent alanları incelenmiş, Türkiye'de uygulanan toplu konut alanlarından örnekler verilmiştir. Beşinci bölümde, araştırma alanı olarak seçilen Ataşehir Toplu Konut Alanı'nın tanıtımı yapılmıştır. Bu yerleşmenin konumu, kent içindeki yeri ve çalışma alanı olarak seçilen ikinci etap konut alanlarının özellikleri ile açık alan kullanımları hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Altıncı bölümde, ikinci etap konut alanında yapılan anket çalışmasının kapsamı ve yöntemi hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Yapılan anketlerin değerlendirmeleriyle, kişilerin sosyo-ekonomik durumları, açık alanları kullanımları, açık alanlardan memnuniyetleri ve toplu konut alanlarından beklentileri ortaya konmuştur. Kullanıcıların sosyo ekonomik durumları ve açık alanlarla ilişkileri karşılaştırılmıştır. Araştırmanın son bölümünü, sonuç ve öneriler oluşturmaktadır. Bu bölümde, yapılan anket değerlendirmelerinden elde edilen sonuçlara ve gözlemlere dayanarak, kullanıcı istekleri ve beklentilerine ve eksikliği hissedilen konularda önerilere yer verilmiştir. XI
Özet (Çeviri)
THE EVALUATION OF THE OPEN AREAS IN MASS HOUSING AREAS FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF USERS' SATISFACTION: ATAŞEHİR SUMMARY The main goal of this study is to investigate and analyze the planning and design principals for the mass housing open spaces. At the same time, usage of the open spaces and their efficiency are examined by using Ataşehir Mass Housing Area as an example. In the first chapter, the aim and methodology of the study are explained. In the second chapter, the historical development trends of the planning and design criteria's for the mass housing open spaces are exampled. In the third chapter, the planning and design criteria's for mass housing open spaces are analyzed in detail. In the fourth chapter, mass housing examples are given from Europe, Asia, America and Turkey. In the fifth chapter, the study area is described. In this scope the location, physical features, topographic - geologic structure, population and land use, planning criteria, circulation and transportation, urban structure and facilities, open area network, features of particular study area, building density and height, land allocation within the building lots, sport complexes, recreational areas, playgrounds, parking areas in Ataşehir Mass Housing Project are introduced and second stage residential units that are selected as a particular study area, are described in terms of dwelling features and open space usage. In the sixth chapter the method, findings and conclusions of the research are described. 200 questionnaires are made at the second stage housing area. As a conclusion of these questionnaires, the environmental perceptions and evaluations of the inhabitants that varies according to the social-economic level and sufficiency are observed and analyzed. Within this chapter the particular aspects of the inhabitants are tried to be investigated, in terms of socio-economic status, age, sex of individuals. In this content, open space usage, demands from the open spaces, complaints of the inhabitants are tried to be classified. In the conclusion and suggestions chapter, some suggestions are made to missing and unhandy usage, for Ataşehir to have a high quality environment which is also proper to the wishes of the users. XllMass - housing is defined as the appropriate and productive residential application tool of the new - town policy that is used to prevent the big cities from becoming a pile in the harmonic organization of the country space, to provide the industry and industrial population to be distributed equally, not to raise differences between the areas, to protect the historical and natural values in and around the city during the urban development process and to protect the open areas from being lost. Mass housing concept is basically developed against uncontrolled urban development without allocating necessary areas for commercial, social, cultural, administrative, health, educational, and recreational facilities, and also for infrastructure and to maintain economic housing projects together with economic concerns aesthetic aspects and human needs are also being taken into consideration. In Turkey, Emlak Bank is one of the most important foundations that both gives credit to the mass housing projects and makes application studies. In general, Emlak Bank has the function of transition of the sources of the mass housing funds to the cooperatives. It also plays an important role in big mass housing and satellite town projects. Satellite Town is a settlement that is constructed near the big cities to reduce the weight of the population of the big cities, separated from the center geographically, having tight relations with the center although it is autonomous spread-out on big areas, having housing areas, industrial areas, shopping centers, recreational areas, sport complexes, etc. In our big cities, especially in Istanbul, satellite-towns are seen more often, that serves to more people when compared mass-housings, constructed in bigger areas towards outside the city which is adequate to itself. In mass housing projects, environmental design plays an important role. People need green area more and more every day as they get negatively influenced by the noise pollution and having more concrete in big cities. Environmental design is a process that is reflecting the inhabitants' needs and cognition. Environment arrangement is preparation of piece of nature with the help of human beings for a purpose of use. In our country, it is seen that not enough importance is given to the quality of the environment a lots of housing cooperatives that are built between 1964-1984. During these years, in the applications of mass housing projects, in physical sense, expected success could not have achieved in creating planned, big-scale housing areas and other functions around them and in uniting them with the city nearby. As a result, quality of the environmental quality and place selection began to be considered as important criteria. Today, qualities of the environment near the residences, become an important factor in determining the satisfaction in mass housing and satellite town settlements. XlllThe people who want to buy an apartment in mass housing areas or satellite town settlements, tend to change their point view. They used to buy apartments just for the purpose of shelter and easy payment facilities; however now, especially for the last 10 years, being able to reach the place easily, adequacy of social facilities and green areas, being able to make use of the sunlight when considering the apartments, whether the environment is being taken care of or not and security became important factors. For this reason, environmental design has a priority among other factors and for the last 5-6 years, the number of satellite towns began to increase and these environment design has an important priority. Ataşehir Mass Housing which is selected as the study area, is located on the Anatolian side of Istanbul Metropolitan Area in the borders of Kadıköy Municipality, in Yeni Sahra Area, in the north-east of E-5 motorway, north of Küçükbakkalköy and south east of Mustafa Kemal district. It is about 12 km. from the city center, 800 m. from Ankara asfaltı, 9 km. from Kadıköy and has an area of 4.300.000 m.2 Free ways of 1 St. and 2nd Bosphorous Bridges intersect and unit in Ataşehir Mass Housing area and continue as the Anatolian free way. Ataşehir Mass Housing Project was brought to life again in 1993 with the initiatives of Emlak Bank. The total number of apartments in Ataşehir is planned to be 23.380. The planned population living this area will be 99. 13 1. Ataşehir has an important location since its near the free ways and its the crucial point of the Anatolian free way. It has a 6-level transportation system: free way, the main artery, secondary artery, main collector, secondary collector, community road and service road. This system serves both to Ataşehir settlement and to nearby settlements, so it makes the transportation easier for the road which as big junctions. The central areas of Ataşehir serve their urban service functions considering place, function, appearance and size. They also have an attractive characteristic so they lead people to this place. The central area consists of many storied buildings and it has to parts: East city center and west city center. There are commercial and administrative establishments, mixed usage areas which include commerce and housing in the central areas so they serve as collective center. Houses in Ataşehir, are planned as a whole with the open areas around them. Main open areas in the settlement are, central park, neighborhood park, primary school units parks, parking lots, interior gardens between city blocks, playgrounds, resting areas, sport areas, walking areas between the parks and green bands. Housing lots in Ataşehir are planned by taking into account of the general structure and facility networks of whole project area. The facility networks are consisting of staged units, from the smaller scale beginning at building lots to the bigger scale at the XIVcity center. This system can be observed in every function that takes place in the area. As the scope of this study is to examine open and green areas within the study area the complaints of the inhabitants such as heavy traffic, dust, noise, and mud, and deteriorated roads caused by trucks and trailers carrying material to the current construction cities, heavy generated from the E-5 Motorway running inside of the project area on north-south direction, illegal settlements around the area and the improper view they cause, insufficient car parking areas, insufficient public transportation services to the central locations of Istanbul are evaluated within this context. Most of this problems, namely problems caused by construction site vehicles, insufficient public transportation system are considered to be temporary and solved automatically when the project is totally completed. It is accepted that other problems can easily be solved by taking necessary actions, and preventions. As per data collated from the 200 questionnaires the profile of Ataşehir inhabitants is defined. SPSS (PC) which is a statistical package program, was used. The objective data have been collected directly at the residential areas. Asking survey respondent their sex, age, education, residence, marital status, job and income objective information was gathered. The socio demographic features of the users were obtained. The other type of objective information was collected as a result of the observations made in physical environment. The plan and the photographs of the park were the objective information. Information collected from the sample was analyzed at SPSS(PC). Frequency distribution was used. Cross tabulation technique was used to treat the data. The results are explained that has made by aims in thesis study. These are; According to the results of the survey, it is seen that % 59.5 of the users are age of 30-59 and % 67 of the users are married. Most of residents have university degree. Most of them in higher income group living in its own house. In this respect, it can be said that the people living in this area demand higher environmental quality and modern environment that should reflect every urban components as housing, commercial areas, administrative and educational facilities, open areas, green areas, sports facilities, parking areas, transportation, and infrastructure. It is seemed that, walking is the most preferable sporting activities among the users and they don't use the chess facilities. The children playground are using very densely and oftenly. XVTo evaluate the pleasure of the visitors from the physical functional properties of the park so many questions are prepared The inhabitants of the Alaşehir Mass Housing Area are generally satisfied by the open space facilities, except the parking lot areas and the mass transportation facilities. When landscape architectures are planning the open areas in mass housing areas, they should give more importance to the esthetic quality and cultural development. First of all, open areas in mass housing areas must be planned according to the users' needs and cognition. If the suppliers will be able to get ride of the shortage of the transportation facilities, Alaşehir Mass Housing Area will subsist for many years as a satisfactory residential area. According to the results, considering the users' wills and needs, it is determined that, for continuity of objected qualified environment and convenient life standards, there exist the necessity of arrangements which take the future times into account. XVI
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