İvan Alekseyeviç Bunin'in 'Derevnya' (Köy) ve 'Suhodol' (Kurak Vadi) yapıtlarında Rus köyü
Derevenskiy uklad jizniv proizvedeniyah 'Derevnya' i 'Suhodol' İvana Alekseyeviça Bunina
- Tez No: 100153
- Danışmanlar: PROF.DR. AYKUT ALTAN
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Batı Dilleri ve Edebiyatı, Western Linguistics and Literature
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2001
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: Ankara Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Batı Dilleri ve Edebiyatları Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 453
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Özet (Çeviri)
SUMMARY Ivan Bunin's (1870-1953) creative inheritance has been profoundly analyzed both in the West and in his motherland. Though at home a Noble Prize winner has been interpreted with a certain political short-sightedness and cultural prejudice, which has been surely based on his voluntary emigration and hard opposition to the communist idea, having has been ridiculed and exposed in his world famous“Damned Days”. Being born to an ancient gentry family, he could not think in any other way but this and considered bolshevicks' seizure of power as an irreversible disaster, which would crush all precious and fundamentally important in Russians' life, and called it a“bloody madness”. Russian genius in fact had proved himself a prophet, though he had never been interested in politics as much as in morals. According to Bunin the art's aim is to tell the world about human soul's tortures, anguish and sufferings. In“Tchang's Dreams”he formulated his artistic credo:“Does it matter about whom we are writing? Every living soul deserves it”. The writer had never doubted that every human being was interesting as an art's object only because of his/her inner self, and not because of a personal social status or religious belonging. We can definitely say that Bunin's writings has never seized to interest his scholars, as there are still many topics and themes which has not been studied before. Therefore our own decision to investigate his novels is not accidental but 412profoundly verified, as our thesis is the first attempt in Turkish literature to analyze the topic of village life in Bunin's novels. Having spent almost all his life abroad, Bunin had always written and thought about his motherland with“a love so strange”, which had been common for many Russian writers, such as Pushkin,Lermontov, Gogol, Fet, Dostoevsky, Blok, etc. It should be mentioned that according to his artistic outlook Bunin had remained in the past, belonging to the Russian gentry, which he had never idealized. He had treated his own class with scepticism and had many times shown its narrow-mindedness and cruelty, as in“Suhodol”, but being a noble man he had always been suffering because of the gradual death of the Russian gentry. Ivan Bunin had never considered common people's opinion or common people's characters as moral criterion. Along with Chekov and Turgenev he had never idealized the Russian common people, finding in them both bright and dreary types. In his novel“The Village”those, born farmers, and not intelligentsia describe“common Russian people”, if such a notion has really existed. And the moral, drawn from this story, is terrible: the life for pure physical existence only and devoid of moral sense unworthy of a human being. Studying Bunin's writings, we have come to a conclusion that he treats the world as a swampy marshland into which a human being is being sucked by his tragic fate. Due to this all his stories are pierced with sorrow. Analyzing Russian village life style in his novels“The Village”and“Suhodol”, we have constructed our thesis according to the following plan. 413All scientific aims are specified and the thesis composition is discussed in the Preface. Chapter 1 is devoted to Bunin's creative life and is divided into three paragraphs. In the first we give the description of major life and creative data of the Russian writer. The second deals with the determination1 of Bunin's place in world and Russian literature. The opinions of foreign and Russian critics on Bunin's writings are represented in the third paragraph. In Chapter 2, concerning the novels, being analyzed, there are five paragraphs. The first reveals us the history of“The Village”and“Suhodol' creation and their plots. The second tells about their problematical, social, moral, economic and historical character. The third is devoted to major types and characters of the stories, the composition and structural peculiarities of ”The Village“ and ”Suhodol“ are tackled in the forth. The fifth tells about stylistic features of Bunin's writings. The thesis ends with the Conclusion in which all scientific results are summed up. The Bibliography, consisting of 65 titles, is presented after the Conclusion. Appendix contains: a/ the list of articles about Bunin / 102 titles/, b/ the list of Ph.D. thesis on Bunin 111 titles /, c/ the text of Bunin's literary last will, d/ the text of Bunin's speech at Noble Prize Award Celebration. 414Kaynakça 1. Afanasyev V.A., Hudojestvennaya proza İ.Bunina, Moskova, 1966. 2. Afanasyev V.A., İ.A.Bunin. Oçerk tvorçestva, 'Prosveşeniye', Moskova, 1966. 3. Andaç Feridun, Edebiyatımızın Yol Haritası, Can Yayınlan, 2000 4. Aytaç Gürsel, Genel Edebiyat Bilimi, Papirüs, 1999 5. Dictionary of Russian Literature. By William E. Harkins. Columbia University. N. Y., 1959, Paterson 6. Gürsel Aytaç, Karşılaştırmalı Edebiyat Bilimi, Gündoğan, Ankara, 1997 7. Gürsel Aytaç, Çağdaş Türk Romanları Üzerine İncelemeler, Gündoğan, 1990 8. Belinskiy V.G., Stata'yi o russkoy literature, Lenizdat, 1987 9. Beloçkaya G.V., Literatura, Otvetı na voprosı, Moskva, 2000 10. Boboreko İ.A., Materialı dlya biyografıi (s 1870 po 1917), 'Hudojestvennaya literatura', Moskova, 1967. 11. Bonami T.M., Hudojestvennaya proza İ.Bunina(1887-1904), Vladimirskoe knijnoe izdatel'stvo,1962. 12. Borras F.M., A Common Theme in Tolstoy, Andreyev and Bunin. ”The Slavonik and East European Review", No.32, 78. L., 1953 13. Bunin İ.A., Sobraniye soçineniy v çetıreh tomah, Moskova, 'Pravda',1988. 14. Bunin İ. A., İzbrannıye proizvedeniya, Moskova, 'Panorama', 1991. 415
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