Bir firmada sistem analizi uygulaması ve işletme sistemleri tasarımı
A Systems analysis application in a firm and design of business systems
- Tez No: 14273
- Danışmanlar: DOÇ.DR. HALUK ERKUT
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: İşletme, Business Administration
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 1990
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 76
Özet
GZET Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, arta büyüklükte bir imalat firmasında işletme standart usullerinin tasarımı ve iyileştirilmesi alarak tesbit edilmiştir. Bu amaçla yapılacak olan çalışmalara bir temel oluşturmak üzere önce, Sis tem Analizinin Temel kavramları incelenmiş ve çalışmanın ilk beş bölümünde bu kavramlar ve prensipler özet olarak açıklanmıştır. Açıklanan sistem çalışmasının esasları dahilinde, uygulama yapılacak olan firmada mevcut durum incelenmiş, görülen aksaklıklar düzeltilerek ondört yeni prosedürün aşamaları» tesbit edilerek yazılı hale getirilmiş ve prose dürlere ait operasyon ve form akış şemaları çıkartılmıştır. Bu çalışmaya ait ayrıntılı açıklamalar ise 6. bölümde yer almaktadır. Bir öneri mahiyetinde hazırlanan bu standart usullerin, uygulama sırasında tekrar gözlenmesi ve kontrol edilerek yaşanabilecek aksaklıkların tekrar gözden geçirilerek en mükemmelin gerçekleştirilmesi hususu da ayrıca tav siye edilmiştir. Bu hususlar sonuç bölümde ayrıntılı bir şekilde ifade e- dilmektedir..iv.
Özet (Çeviri)
SUMMARY A SYSTEMS ANALYSIS APPLICATION IN A FIRM AND DESIGN OF BUSINESS SYSTEMS Systems and Systsrns Analysis have been ons of the mast important and the most popular concepts in business literature witnin the lost decade. A more general definition can be given for this concept as An integrated sets of procedures for basic business functions sucn as SaİES Invoicing, Purchasing etc. In other words. Systems have many interrelated and sequential activities organized to accomplish a determined objective of the firm's business functions. The growth of business, the tempo of change reflecting increased research and development efforts, and the acceleration of competition have increased the complexity of business. This growing complexity has increased the task of maintaining effectiveness. There has been a critical need for imp roved management tools. It is the purpose of this study to demonstrate that standart business systems offer unprecedented benefits in the increasingly tasks of increasing productivity, creating innovation, planning, and deci sion making. The success of some of the implemented management systems has proven, be yond question, the value of these systems and the fact that the designs are more than conceptual possibilities. The success of the information system will greatly determine the success of the large business of the fu ture. There is a gap in management's understarrjing of these new information sys-. terns and in the appreciation of the net».' concepts and techniques implied in their use. Yet, as some enterprises are beginning to implement advanced management information systems and are realizing tha competitive advanta ges in their use. other businesses will begin to feel the need to implement their own versions..v.Every firm have its own business systems either it is in formal or informal structure. Specially in young and small firms uses many procedures developed by time in an informal base. People mho does the work know this procedures and applies them according to their experiences. It works until the firm reaches to a point that one needs to make easier these activities and give them a structural base. Because of the activities and amount of the mark increase so that the burocracy has appreared. Natural result on that time, is wasting the time. Gne Df the first question concerning the development of a system is the question of ideal starting point. Which area of the business should be used as the commencement point for both the study and implementation of an information system? The logical starting point may not be the area of greatest concern to management nor should the effort begin with management's most troublesome considerations. These paints may not be isolated sufficiently to serve as good system initialization areas. The determination of the point at which to begin a management information system should be guided by the most logical system data-gathering activity. The function first systematized should be a logical system input and the one that other system areas would be most dependent on. In summary, the effort should begin with the most fundamental system building block. For some time, there have been two schools of thought concerning the most logical system starting point. One school has favored the approach em bodied in the term management operating system and the other an approach known as management information system. The approach is based on an in-depth analysis of the manufacturing or process control cycle. Every phase of the cycle and every level of operation and utilization, materials, and money are integrated, systematized, and optimized in accordance with management goals and production requirements. Under the management operating system approach, a change in any functional area is analyzed immediately and devaluated in terms of the effect of the change on all related and impacted areas. Thus, a truly current picture of the manufacturing or process control cycle is possible. In addition, management may arbitrarily change any of the functional parameters to examine the effect on the total cycle. In contrast with the preceding approach, which is manufacturing-oriented, business systems generally begins with the systematizing of the order processing, sales, marketing, and financial considerations. This is, perhaps, more of a field office and headquarters orientation than a manufacturing orientation. Neither the management operating system approach nor the management infor mation system approach may be noticeably different when the actual infor mation system is fully implemented to the level of a total system. It is only during interim periods that the choise of alternative approaches would became apparent and render a differance in the kind of system service that could be expected from the system..VI.The choice between the two approaches is widely discussed. The decision depends on the structure of the potential user. The current trend, however, is toward the commencement of an information system effort with the processing of orders as the logical system starting point. The fist step on that point iş, to define the procedures, (in other wards, Business System) in such a way that everybody should know what to do and standart way of business activities. By doing that the. aim is to simplify the procedures and to put them in a formal and written structure, to awuid arbitrary, personnel behoivor. An other important am is systems or procedure design is tp make easier the process of decision making for those who are engaced with these activities and managers, and so that to use ecanomicalty the company recourses. Because, every activity which is not designed and defined results masting the time. The main objective of this study have been to define business systems in a firm that reached to a growth point, which has been explanied a bove. For this aim, at first, basic concept of Systems Analysis have been examined and explanied in the first five chapter. Acording to these principles an application have been done in a middle size manufacturing firm. For this aim at first the structure of the firm have been examined and current applications of business systems determined by a series of conversations with the responsible people and clerks. Besides to these conversations related activities have been observed on the job. As a ? result the most importans business activities have been determined which are in the responsibility of * Marketing and Sales (PAZ) * Production Planning and Materials (ÜPM) * Technical (TEK) departments. Below mentioned activities have been determined as subject to analysis. * Procedure of incoming papers. * Procedure of out going papers. * Price offering * Order taking * Acceptance of a new product for manufacturing * Purchasing operations * Materials receiving from storage * Incoming operations of materials into storage * Incoming and out going operations of subcantract products * Product shipping from storage to the customers.vil-Result of analysis dan be summarizes as following: * All the procedures have explanied. by the darks and other responsible persons in different ways. There was not a standart system to be applied. * There were not connections within the related activities. * There were unnecessary operations and frequencies. * Because of the absent of the standardization time wasting was enormaus. * Unnecessary forms hove been noticed. * There were no written rules and principles. * All the activities are being done according to the verbal instructions. After the analysis fousteen different procedures have been designed under the name of; * Distribution procedure of Incoming papers * Sending procedure of out going papers. * Price offering and Bidding procedure. * Acceptance of a new product. * Die-Fixture-Equiqmeut ordering * purchasing operations * Obtaining Bar Material * Sending the Bar Material for manufacturing * Sending to manufacturing of plate material which is purchased * Sending the plate materials to manufacturing from storage * Incoming operations of subcontracted Materials * Shipping operations of semi-products from manufacturing to sub-contrac tors. * Rejects and scrap operations. Considering to develope and eleminate above mentioned disadvantages of current applications. Written form of these procedures have given in the sixth chapter of the study. Also flow charts have been designed to be enclased to firm's orga nization Handbook. Lastly a result recammendation have been given in the study, as follows: * This study have been done only in the areas which is very important for the company. * This study should be enlarged for all the business activities as soon as possible. * Addinal Forms are necessary for the defined procedures. * Current forms are not examined within perpective of system simplifica tion. Therefore it is necessary to examine all the forms to develope the system. * Form designing should be done as a basis of future developments (which is“Computer Integrated Management Information Systems”implementation) of the firm..Vlll.This study have been done in a state that firm has adapted professional management recently. Therefore it can be considered:, as a starting point to develope all the business systems as a whole. We hope after that point more detailed and more comprehensive studies mould be done and company establish the data base necessary to implement Computer Based Management Information Systems.......IX.
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