Tarihsel süreç içinde şehir planlama ve şehirsel tasarımı yönlendiren etkenler
The Factors effecting the urban design throughout the history are being studied
- Tez No: 39790
- Danışmanlar: PROF.DR. NURAN ZEREN GÜLERSOY
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Şehircilik ve Bölge Planlama, Urban and Regional Planning
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 1994
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 152
Özet
The last period of Turkey is questioned in this work. In the 4th section, the aim is to examine, the role and the effects of the planning legislation no 3194. The aim of this investigation is, to put forward the personal experiences and the missing points. The questions in the investigation organized in a way that could lead to commentative answers. The answers tried to be collected under common headlines. The answer given by 18 A Class planners from different positions, tried to be evaluated in 4 ranks. First, the educational and professional backgrounds of these planners are investigated, Second, the contents of the plans of these planners investigated and one of these plans investigated in details, to put forwards new aspects for the future planning. Third, the questions on the present legislation are asked. Last, the evaluation of the answers throughout the contents of the thesis is tired to be done. - Results of the original investigations All A Class planners had high quality carriers, All were graduated from different but very good educaional foundations. They were all working in different positions All of then had quite well experience One of the plans selected and examined in details. - By the evaluations of the answers those are estimated as the reasons why a plan could not be applicated. They contain impossible nationalization Lack of necessary functions and services Increase of squattering. Plans which are not suiting the present conditions Problems in ownership. Evaluations of the problems, XIV
Özet (Çeviri)
SUMMARY THE FACTORS EFFECTING THE URBAN DESING THROUGHOUT THE fflSTORY ARE BEING STUDIED By this thesis, the factors effecting the Urban Design throughout the history are being studied. Also the forces effecting the formation of important buildings in the city and their evolution are studied. Legislations, aiming at betler results, sometimes because of their vveaknes, sometimes because of the absence of certain items, are often left quite away from their targets. The aim of the thesis is to study the parameters effecting the Urban Design throughout the history. in this study the historical development and the reflections tovvards the future are also examined. To lead the way to avoid, the problem emerged through the history and also to solve the new ones are aimed. The leading effect of Urban Design in truth are searched. This study contains 5 sections The first section is introduction The second section contains several subsections Civilazitions before the industrial revolution, Civilazition after the industrial revolution and the 20th century, studying the parameters effecting the Urban Design, in general terms throughout the history. The third section contains the development of Urban Planning and the Urban Design in Turkey before and after the revolution. The section four contains the orginal work. Interviews done by 18 different A class planners are evaluated in this section. in this interviews, questions on planning- application problems and present legistlation, are asked. The section five, contains the results and the evaluation. Beginning from the first civilizations five parameters emerged throughout the history effecting the Urban Design. The effects of Geopraphic and Topographic structure The effects of Economics-Science-Technology xiThe last period of Turkey is questioned in this work. In the 4th section, the aim is to examine, the role and the effects of the planning legislation no 3194. The aim of this investigation is, to put forward the personal experiences and the missing points. The questions in the investigation organized in a way that could lead to commentative answers. The answers tried to be collected under common headlines. The answer given by 18 A Class planners from different positions, tried to be evaluated in 4 ranks. First, the educational and professional backgrounds of these planners are investigated, Second, the contents of the plans of these planners investigated and one of these plans investigated in details, to put forwards new aspects for the future planning. Third, the questions on the present legislation are asked. Last, the evaluation of the answers throughout the contents of the thesis is tired to be done. - Results of the original investigations All A Class planners had high quality carriers, All were graduated from different but very good educaional foundations. They were all working in different positions All of then had quite well experience One of the plans selected and examined in details. - By the evaluations of the answers those are estimated as the reasons why a plan could not be applicated. They contain impossible nationalization Lack of necessary functions and services Increase of squattering. Plans which are not suiting the present conditions Problems in ownership. Evaluations of the problems, XIVThe most important factor in the middle Age was the religion, the number of churches increased in a very rapid way. While the churches were escaping points, the more powerfül they become the more they effected the Urban Design Renesainnance was a reaction against the simple manner of middle age which was born Florance. The effects of Renesainnance could be realized in the English and French geometric gardens. The effects of Industrial Revolution in Urban Design were deeper than ali those before. in Industrial Revolution economics, science and technology were deeply effecting the Urban Design. The need for water in earlier technologies forced factories select places by the rivers the invention of Steam Machine leaded more elastic possibilities. As cities were transforming rapidly, the plans were getting out use easily. The first settlement for the workers was designed by Nicolas Ledoux in 1776, in Chaux, in France. As the Industrial and residental settlements developed rapidly, enviromental problems became more important in planning. Towards the middle decades of 19th century, cities became denser and denser. The density problem was more clear in England. Because legistlations Were more elastic in this country. The Living conditions of the workers were getting worse and worse while the capital was increasing. The entrance of car in the daily city life effected whole Urban Design Concept. The seperation of the pedestrians and the motor whicles came out as a solution. in this section, the development of Urban Design in Türkiye throughout the history before and after revolution will be examined. ystanbul was the capital of the empire and the whole attempts in Urban Design had taken place here. Ankara, as the new capital of the new Republic became the focus of the new planning process. in Türkiye case throughout the historical development we realize that the effects were effective in differing proportions. yn this research on the determinants of today, we see that the political power became more effective on Urban Design than everbefore. xiiiThe last period of Turkey is questioned in this work. In the 4th section, the aim is to examine, the role and the effects of the planning legislation no 3194. The aim of this investigation is, to put forward the personal experiences and the missing points. The questions in the investigation organized in a way that could lead to commentative answers. The answers tried to be collected under common headlines. The answer given by 18 A Class planners from different positions, tried to be evaluated in 4 ranks. First, the educational and professional backgrounds of these planners are investigated, Second, the contents of the plans of these planners investigated and one of these plans investigated in details, to put forwards new aspects for the future planning. Third, the questions on the present legislation are asked. Last, the evaluation of the answers throughout the contents of the thesis is tired to be done. - Results of the original investigations All A Class planners had high quality carriers, All were graduated from different but very good educaional foundations. They were all working in different positions All of then had quite well experience One of the plans selected and examined in details. - By the evaluations of the answers those are estimated as the reasons why a plan could not be applicated. They contain impossible nationalization Lack of necessary functions and services Increase of squattering. Plans which are not suiting the present conditions Problems in ownership. Evaluations of the problems, XIVIn planning period, lack of data, the negative effect of the power of the local goverments, personal interests, became important problems. In plan approvement period, the negative effects of local demand on local goverments emerge. In plan application period, lack of data flow emerge while the planner cannot participate. - Evaluaiton of Planning Legislation No 3194 The power of local goverments in planning is estimated as a positive imporivement in common. Planners working in central goverment offices think that the local municipalities are not ready for such powerful stuations. The quality and the quantity of the technical personal also emerge as an important problem. XV
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