Labour markets in developing countries
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 400054
- Danışmanlar: PROF. GARETH MYLES
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Ekonomi, Economics
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2009
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: University of Exeter
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 198
Özet
Özet yok.
Özet (Çeviri)
This thesis basic aim is to have a better understanding of how labour marketswork and to explore di¤erent transmission mechanisms that might be responsible formaking these markets di¤erent from their counterparts in the developed world. Ianalyzed problems created by large public sector employment by using two di¤erentframeworks and I made an empirical study about the social factors related to genderissues. In the second chapter, the government.s excess employment in the economyis placed under the e¢ ciency wage framework. It is aimed to .nd out how the wageand e¤ort di¤erentials between public and private sectors actually a¤ect the labourmarket or more speci.cally equilibrium levels of employment, wages and productivity.The chapter investigates how the total welfare responds to changes in these di¤er-entials in terms of two di¤erent models. The results show that an e¤ort of raisingemployment by the government eventually leads to a reduction in the total welfareby curbing private employment. This chapter contributes to the existing literature byproviding a di¤erent approach by de.ning an explicit outside option, namely the gov-ernment sector, to the e¢ ciency wage theory. Another aspect analyzed is the relationbetween public sector employment and output growth. In chapter three, I try to estab-lish a link between the government employment and economic growth rate underlyingseveral mechanisms; distortionary taxes, productive government expenditure and pro-ductivity link resulting from the interaction of government and private labour marketsinspiring from the e¢ ciency wage theory. I endogenize the growth rate by introducinga public sector capital term in government expenditures. The production function inthe growth model is constructed such that productivity of private worker decreaseswhen size of public employment increases. I concluded that the abundant governmentemployment force private sector either to pay higher wages or to have lower produc-tivity of labour as outside option for the workers are now plenty. While higher wageleads more unemployment, productivity decline causes output to reduce. Developingcountries social dynamics have unforeseen consequences on the labour markets. Thus,in order to understand the social and traditional values explaining the employmentdecisions taken by the labour force in the developing countries, in the fourth chapterof this thesis an empirical study is carried out to investigate the existence of and thepotential behavioral change in son preference in Turkey, by using di¤erent statisticaltechniques. The main contribution of this part is that, it provides a broad analysisof son preference behavior in Turkey by using the latest econometric techniques. Inparticular, it investigates whether the process of urbanization and modernization inTurkey had an e¤ect on son preference behavior over time. The results imply thatthere is clear and strong son preference in Turkey and the di¤erence between progres-sion ratios of families with and without sons is larger in 1993 compared to 1998. It isalso found that the regional e¤ects are more dominant on childbearing decision andurbanization had a diminishing e¤ect on son preference behavior in Turkey.
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