Applications of acoustofluidics in biotechnology
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- Tez No: 403044
- Danışmanlar: PROF. TONY JUN HUANG
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Mühendislik Bilimleri, Makine Mühendisliği, Engineering Sciences, Mechanical Engineering
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2016
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: The Pennsylvanıa State Unıversıty
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: Belirtilmemiş.
Özet
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Özet (Çeviri)
Acoustofluidics, the fusion of microfluidics and acoustics, has become a rapidly expanding research field that has various important applications in physical, chemical, biological and engineering sciences. Development of new acoustofluidic technologies has significantly contributed to the fields of biotechnology and nanotechnology in which gentle handling of single cells or precise manipulation of nanoscale samples such as nanowires are useful. Acoustic tweezer technology is a new method of manipulation of cells and small organisms. In addition to acoustic based translational manipulation, controlled and precise rotational manipulation of single cells or small model organisms such as Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) can facilitate visualization and screening of normal and abnormal cell and sub-cellular morphology, contributing to our understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying human diseases. In this dissertation, I describe a novel on-chip manipulation method to rotate microparticles, cells and organisms in a controlled manner. To achieve this, I developed two different methods based on oscillating microbubbles and oscillating solid structures. For the first approach, I trapped air bubbles within predefined sidewall microcavities inside a microchannel. The trapped air bubbles were driven into oscillatory motion by an application of a low power biocompatible acoustic field. The oscillatory motion produced steady microvortices in the surrounding liquid. Depending on excitation of various modes of the bubble, effective in or out-of-plane vortex was generated, allowing rotation of objects of various shapes. Colloids, HeLa cells and C. elegans were precisely rotated using our method. For the second rotational manipulation approach, I utilize the acoustofluidic streaming vortices generated via oscillating solid structures inside microchannels. Finally, I have demonstrated the capability of our method by analyzing the reproductive system pathologies and nervous system morphology in C. elegans. Using our device, we revealed the defective vulva morphology due to abnormal cell migration in the mutant worms. ARM is an easy-to-use, compact, cheap and biocompatible method, permitting rotation regardless of optical, magnetic or the electrical properties of the sample under investigation. Microfluidics has been sprouting numerous applications including chemical synthesis, biological sample preparation, point-of-care diagnostics and enzymatic reactions. Microfluidic platforms offer many advantages for these applications such as small reagent volume, rapid and high resolution analysis, and low-cost fabrication. On the other hand, realizing on-chip fast mixing of viscous samples is very challenging due to the laminar flow nature of the liquids in confined channels. In this dissertation, a new acoustofluidic method of on-chip high viscosity fluid mixing is presented. This acoustofluidic method takes advantage of the acoustic streaming and jetting flows created by the acoustically generated bubbles inside polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microchannels. During the deep reactive ion etching process, the sidewall of a silicon mold features rough wavy structures, which can be transferred onto a PDMS microchannel through the soft lithography technique. I utilized the wavy structures of PDMS microchannel sidewalls to initiate and cavitate bubbles in the presence of acoustic waves. Through bubble cavitation, this acoustofluidic approach demonstrates fast, effective mixing in microfluidics. I characterized its performance by using viscous fluids such as polyethyleneglycol (PEG). When two PEG solutions with a resultant viscosity 54.9 times higher than that of water were used, the mixing efficiency was found to be 0.92, indicating excellent, homogenous mixing. The acoustofluidic micromixer presented here has the advantages of simple fabrication, easy integration, and capability to mix high-viscosity fluids (Reynolds number: ~0.01) in less than 100 milliseconds.
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