Geri Dön

Ahşap doğrama köşe birleşimlerinin rijitliğini arttırma yolları üzerine bir araştırma

Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.

  1. Tez No: 55735
  2. Yazar: BAHAR SAYIL
  3. Danışmanlar: PROF.DR. TOYDEMİR NİHAT
  4. Tez Türü: Doktora
  5. Konular: Mimarlık, Architecture
  6. Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
  7. Yıl: 1996
  8. Dil: Türkçe
  9. Üniversite: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi
  10. Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
  11. Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  12. Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  13. Sayfa Sayısı: 151

Özet

ÖZET Günümüzün şartlarında, mukavemetleri yüksek olan köşe birleşim tipleri bulunmakla beraber, bunlar; üretimlerinin zorluğu, maliyetlerinin yüksekliği, ya da özel makina ve teçhizata gerek göstermeleri nedeniyle, pratikte çok az kullanılmaktadırlar. Yaygın olarak kullanılan köşe birleşim tipleri ise, mukavemetlerinin düşük olması dolayısıyla doğramaların sarkmasına ve işlevlerini görememelerine sebep olmaktadırlar. Rijiditesi, geleneksel birleşimlerden daha yüksek, aynı zamanda seri halde üretilebilen ve yapımı özel makina gerektirmeyen bir ahşap doğrama köşe birleşim şeklinin geliştirilmesi amaçlanan bu çalışmada, iki parçası da birbirine simetrik 3 zıvanalı köşe birleşim tipinin mekanik dayanımı karşılaştırmalı olarak araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın birinci bölümü konuya giriş niteliğinde olup çalışmanın amacı ve kapsamının yanısıra bu konuda daha önce yapılan araştırmalar taranmış ve halen kullanılmakta olan köşe birleşim şekilleri araştırılmıştır. İkinci bölümde, çalışmanın deney kapsamında doğrama köşe birleşim örneklerinin hazırlanmasında ahşap malzeme türü olarak kullanılan sarıçamın genel olarak fiziksel ve mekaniksel özellikleri incelenmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde, tutkalların adezyonu sağlayan özellikleri, türlerine göre sınıflandırılmaları, ahşap malzemede tutkal uygulama esasları ve çalışmada kullanılan beş tür tutkalın spesifik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Üç kısımdan oluşan deneysel çalışmanın birleşim örneklerinde kullanılan tutkalların ve Sarıçamın malzeme özellikleri ile ilgili deneyler dördüncü bölümde yer almıştır. Beşinci bölümde, mekanik deney düzeninin geliştirilmesi, ön deneyler, altıncı bölümde ise bunların sonuçlarından elde edilen veriler ile seçilen biri geleneksel tip, diğeri de yeni birleşim şekli olmak üzere iki birleşim şeklinin çeşitli tutkal tipleri ile dirençlerinin incelendiği esas deneyler karşılaştırmalı olarak ele alınmıştır. Yedinci bölümde, esas deney sonuçlan değerlendirilerek irdelenmiş ve sonuç olarak rijiditesi denenen geliştirilmiş doğrama köşe birleşiminin çok daha fazla mukavemete sahip olduğu saptanmış ve çalışmanın amacına ulaştığı görülmüştür. xvı

Özet (Çeviri)

AN INVESTIGATION OF THE METHODS FOR INCREASING THE RIGIDITIY OF WOODEN WINDOW EDGE CONNECTIONS SUMMARY With contemporary technology, the production of highly resistant wooden edge connections is possible, though this is rarely practicable due to the difficulties in their production or requirements of special machinery and equipment to prepare them. Widely used wooden edge connection methods, however, are easy in production but cause deformation of wooden constructions and render them nonfunctional in short time, due to their poor rigidity. In this study the aim is, to increase the rigidity of wooden window constructions. The existing edge connection types have been examined and developing the possibility of a more rigid wooden edge connection construction method is explored, which is not only higher than the traditional wooden edge connections, but which can also be produced in mass and economically suitable for conditions in Turkey without any further need for special machinery. In this context the existing literature of previous and contempororary research on wooden edge connections is surveyed in the first section of this study. It is decided to use Scots Pine (Pinus silvestris) timber as the test material for all edge connection test specimens, which is known for its resistance to weathering because of its high resin content, and is widely used in carpentry works throughout Turkey. Consequently physical and mechanical properties of the Scots Pine are analyzed in the second section of this study. The third section covers the examination of the general characteristics of the adhesives, mechanisms that provide adhesion and glue application methods for wood xvuconstructions. This section contains also the glue types and their features used in tentitative investigations of this study. The experimental work consists of three parts; 1. Tests performed in order to determine the physical and mechanical properties of Scots Pine timber, of which is the edge connections are made and the rigidities obtained through the use of adhesives. 2. Preliminary tests conducted on the wooden edge connection types of window carpentry 3. Main tests to determine the rigidity of the selected wooden edge connection types of window carpentry In the fourth section of this study, the following experimental work and it's results are conducted. Density tests. Measurement and calculation of the ratio of summer wood in annual rings. Compressive strength tests parallel to grains. Tensile strength tests parallel to grains. Bending strength tests Hence the physical and mechanical properties of the Scots Pine timber is determined which is used for preparing the edge connections and the test results are presented. This section contains also the description of shear strength tests and their acquired results the glue types used in preparing the edge connection test samples, which are tested for to determine the performances provided by these glue types in conjunction with Scots Pine timber comparatively. Based on these findings and on the survey of the relevant literature, it became obvious that the shape of the test specimens and the conditions of testing were significant. In the 5 th section in which preliminary tests are carried out, various wooden edge connection types are examined and a test system was developed in order to be used with the main tests on the edge connections. Furthermore the calculation principles of this test system is also shown in this section. Preliminary tests are performed according to this system in order to avail the determination of the scope and mode of the main tests. xvmThe devised test system is relies on the principle of applying load by hydrolic press on the top of the edge connection by means of two sliding bearings, on which the two elements of the edge connection test samples are placed. In the light of the" preliminary test results, the main tests are programmed, types of the edge connections to be tested are selected and the sizes of the test specimens are determined. Based on the preliminary test results, the wooden edge connection is selected which is to be taken into the scope of the main tests, for achieving high rigidity and also allowing easy production due to the both symmetrical elements of the connection. In order to compare the degree of rigidity of the selected edge connection types, the traditional, wedged open end mortised joint costruction type was also carried through the tests. The prepatory works for the main tests and their performing methods are detailed with their results in the 6 th section. The test system which was developed during the preliminary tests, is then modified, so that the edge connection could be considered as a bar system in the main tests. Accordingly, the lenghts of the edge connection test specimens are increased to 27 cm. This section describes also in detail the programming of the experimental work and the preparation of the test samples. Different types of glues are required to be evaluated comparatively so that it could be determined, which glue type provides the best performance in bonding the wooden edge connections and yields the maximum rigidity as well as the gluing conformity. For the production of the test samples, the following glues are used: Single component polyurethane Polyvinylacetate Epoxy Two component polyurethane In order to compare the two wooden edge connection alternatives, 15 test samples for each glue type are prepared (according to the glue type used) and subjected to the strenght tests. The results obtained from these tests are illustrated in tables shown in section 6. According to the test results, the highest rigidity ratio was obtained by 2 component polyurethane glue and followed by epoxy, polyvinylacetate, single component polyurethane glues. The glues above mentioned diplayed generally good xixperformances, only the single component polyurethane among these glues reveales a much lower rigidity, thus this glue type is deemed as disadvantageous for applications of load bearing wooden constructions. Test results of this study are evaluated and interpreted in section 7. According to the strenght test results, it has been ascertained that the three-fold open mortised joint construction type as developed, yielded a ratio of 134 % higher rigidity in comparison to the conventional edge connection type. This value is much higher than the rigidity value provided by the all applied glue types at all. The three-fold open mortised edge connection test sample glued with the single component polyurethane, which has the lowest rigidity among the other glue types, has a much higher rigidity ratio than the test samples produced according to the conventional method, prepared with two component polyurethane glue which has the maximum rigidity. In other words, the edge connection construction method is far more significant than to apply strong glue types in increasing the rigidity of the edge connection. The strenght test results of the edge connections revealed that, increasing the density of timber used for the edge connections increases the rigidity of the edge connection test sample, if the fracture was occured from the timber of the edge connection during the strength tests. According to the test results it can be concluded that this study achieves its aims. The suggestions in the light of the conclusions of this study are brought in the 8 th section, which can be summarized as below :. Among the wooden edge connection types used in this study, the conventional one, has been found to be difficult to produce, due to it's two unsimiliar joining components.. The production of the wooden three-fold open mortised edge connection which is also subjected to the strength tests due to the similarity of it's two joining components and not requiring any special machinery, has been found to be simple, mass-producable as well as very economical.. The conventional wooden edge connection does not provide enough strenght to maintain the longterm integrity of the windows. xx. The wooden edge connection which is proposed in this study increases the rigidity of the wooden window construction by 134 %, when compared to the conventional edge connection type.. The timber density of the wooden edge connection can only then be effective if a strong adhesive is applied to the edge connection. The fracture will then occur only on the timber itself. Among the adhesives which are applied to the wooden edge connections, the two component poliurethan glue provides the maximum strenght and therefore displays the best results in this study. The epoxy resin Araldite AY 103 and it's hardener HY 956, despite it's high strength and cost does not give good performance with Scots Pine timber because of it's low viscosity. Consequently, when preparing the edge connection test samples it was essential to raise the viscosity of this glue which was quite time consuming and not mass- producable. xxi

Benzer Tezler

  1. Tez No

    395657

    Endüstriyel ahşap doğrama performansına ısıl işlem ve emprenye işleminin etkilerinin araştırılması

    Investigation of the effects of heat treatment and impregnation to the industrial woodwork joinery

    AYTEKİN ÖNDURAN

    Yüksek Lisans

    Türkçe

    Türkçe

    2015

    Ağaç İşleriGazi Üniversitesi

    Mobilya ve Dekorasyon Eğitimi Ana Bilim Dalı

    PROF. DR. MUSTAFA ALTUNOK

  2. Tez No

    631221

    Evaluation of window design and daylight performance of main room in kula houses

    Kula evlerinde başoda pencere tasarımı ve doğal aydınlatma performansının değerlendirilmesi

    CANSU BATTAL

    Yüksek Lisans

    İngilizce

    İngilizce

    2020

    Mimarlıkİzmir Yüksek Teknoloji Enstitüsü

    Mimari Restorasyon Ana Bilim Dalı

    PROF. DR. BAŞAK İPEKOĞLU

    PROF. DR. ZEHRA TUĞÇE KAZANASMAZ

  3. Tez No

    208113

    Sivaslı İlçesi'nde araziden yararlanma

    Profit from land in Sivasli District

    ŞENOL ERTEN

    Yüksek Lisans

    Türkçe

    Türkçe

    2007

    CoğrafyaAnkara Üniversitesi

    Coğrafya Ana Bilim Dalı

    PROF.DR. ALİ ÖZÇAĞLAR

  4. Tez No

    156049

    Ahşap pencerelerin yapım, uygulama ve kullanım sorunları: Trabzon örneği

    Enigma associated with manufacturing, application and use of wooden windows: A case study in city of Trabzon

    ÖZLEM CELAP

    Yüksek Lisans

    Türkçe

    Türkçe

    2004

    MimarlıkKaradeniz Teknik Üniversitesi

    Mimarlık Ana Bilim Dalı

    Y.DOÇ.DR. REŞAT SÜMERKAN

  5. Tez No

    66238

    Türkiye'de doğrama üretiminde malzeme tüketimi üzerine incelemeler

    A study on the consumption of material in the production of window fraiming in Turkey

    DERYA SEVİM

    Yüksek Lisans

    Türkçe

    Türkçe

    1997

    Ormancılık ve Orman Mühendisliğiİstanbul Üniversitesi

    Orman Endüstri Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı

    PROF. DR. AHMET KURTOĞLU

Geri Dön