The apotheosis of the green revolution and the throes of landless peasant women in two Aegean villages of Turkey in the 1960s
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 597925
- Danışmanlar: PROF. BENITA ROTH
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Sosyoloji, Sociology
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2018
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: State University of New York at Binghamton
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 325
Özet
Özet yok.
Özet (Çeviri)
The debates on the historical processes of agrarian transition and the experiences of rural women in these processes have never lost their appeal for sociological study, although the studies have focused on the political economy of development and rural women in development in the 1960s and 1970s and have then shifted to microeconomics, power relations, and the formations of subjectivities since the 1980s. This thesis develops a framework, which helps analysis of the global and local processes of agrarian transition across gender and class lines in Turkey in the 1960s. In the existing literature, it was generally assumed that petty commodity production deployed itself and rural poverty and class inequalities abandoned in Turkey after World War Two. By testing this hypothesis, this dissertation illustrates the negative impacts of the global economic development project, the Green Revolution, on landless peasant women in two Aegean villages, Göllüce and Atalan, in Turkey by focusing on the changing material conditions of production, the genderless class-based organization of land occupations, state policies targeting rural women, mutually constitutive relations between patriarchies and agrarian capitalism and competitive party politics and political reactions to the mobilization of women through land occupations and women`s resistance to all of these factors. These factors and women`s agencies are interpreted by using two-part theoretical model that combines the insights of feminist Marxists and intersectional theorists to present a grounded and coherent analysis. By using this theoretical model, this dissertation reveals five patterns in two villages. First, it explains the social, economic, and political processes that resulted in social inequities and unequal distribution of the benefits of the Green Revolution for landless women in rural Turkey. And it sheds lights on local processes of differentiation and pauperization among peasants across gender and class lines and the places of these women in rural economy and politics. Secondly, by probing the relations between politics, peasantry, and rural women's activism in two chapters, the thesis shows that the genderless organization of land occupations by the leftist student organizations and the youth branches of the political parties did not alleviate gender and class inequalities. In addition, different reactions of the politicians to peasant struggles, specifically land reform attempts by occupations, and to the political mobilization of women left intact class specific relations of agrarian production and patriarchal control over female labor power in two cases. Thirdly, the thesis elaborates on how gender-based state policy targeting rural women, home economics projects, and the ways it was implemented were intended to recast and reinforce gendered divisions of labor at the disadvantage of women by pedagogically essentializing conventional role of housewifery and ignoring them as agricultural workers. Fourthly, the thesis scrutinizes intertwined relations between patriarchies and agrarian capitalism in two cases. By evaluating the workings of these farms as it relates to rural female labor power, I reveal how landless women, as a class, were marginalized in the processes of the consolidation of agrarian capitalism, how gendered expectations and norms affected the uses of rural female labor power, and how they struggled against their marginalization by strategically using the same norms. Lastly, this thesis demonstrates that women took active roles in using gendered norms and expectations to lessen their domestic and agricultural workloads, shaping state policy and redefining gendered divisions of labor and affecting the politicians to reconsider the legitimacy of agrarian policies and necessity of making land reform in rural Turkey. Thus, they contested for all of the structural forces worsening their working and living conditions in two research sites. And their gendered contestation shows us that landless peasant households are not composed of conflict free individuals sharing solely the same class specific interests.
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