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Contemporary populism in Western European Liberal Democracy:An analysis of extreme right-wing discourses of French National Front

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  1. Tez No: 645704
  2. Yazar: MUHAMMET İKBAL ARSLAN
  3. Danışmanlar: DR. FRANDS PEDERSEN
  4. Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
  5. Konular: Uluslararası İlişkiler, International Relations
  6. Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
  7. Yıl: 2018
  8. Dil: İngilizce
  9. Üniversite: University of Westminster
  10. Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
  11. Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  12. Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  13. Sayfa Sayısı: 94

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Özet (Çeviri)

The term of populism and populist parties have become a much more important topic during the last decades. Due to rising number of immigrants and cultural diversity, social discomforts emerged in the U.S. and European countries, so, this situation triggered the rise of populist radical right (PRR) parties. Whether they are elected or not, many people support their policies related to xenophobia and ethno-nationalism (Rydgren, 2007). Undoubtedly, Donald Trump, who was elected as American President in 2016, is the biggest evidence to show populists' rising by his xenophobic and populist discourses. Since 1980s, a rapid populist party transformation was witnessed by European politics from the margins to the main party class. Many successful populist parties, in France, the Netherlands, Austria, Germany, Holland and many other European countries increased the rates of votes, furthermore, some of them became the second party or the coalition partner (Aylward, 2011). This dissertation will handle the Western European PRR parties by focusing on French National Front and Marine Le Pen`s discourses during the 2017 French Presidential Election Campaign. According to Betz (1994), although populist parties are not in favour of the traditional political understanding, they clearly accept the basic values of democracy such as elections or referendums. However, in terms of policies and especially, their discourses, they have problems with the fundamental value of liberal or Western democracy. Even if Western PRR parties make policies in multicultural countries, they degrade their discourses about the topics of immigrants and foreigners as a single issue, they also claim that all kinds of problems will be solved after eradication of the foreigner population and their affects in their countries (Mares, 2003). So, the main aim of this dissertation is to answer the question, is populism threat for liberal democracy or not? By doing this, this study will utilize descriptive research methods in a case study way and qualitative content analysis approach in order to reach a comprehensible result. It will start by the definition and the waves of populism, in particularly explaining the extreme right-wing populism. In the next part, nativist theory and why it was chosen for this study will be explained by comparing a few more theories. In the third section, democracy, liberal democracy and its features will be mentioned. In the fourth section, French National Front (FN) position and its leader Marine Le Pen`s discourses, during the 2017 French Presidential Election, will be evaluated deeply. Before concluding it will explain if right-wing populism is incompatible for liberal democracy.

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