Angular leaf spot (Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans) control, detection and pathogenicity on cucurbits, and control of bacterial leaf spot of pumpkin (Xanthomonas cucurbitae) with chemical seed treatments
Köşeli yaprak lekesi (Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans) kontrol, tanı ve kabakgillerde patojenitesi ve bakteriyel yaprak lekesi (Xanthomonas cucurbitae)'nin kimyasal tohum uygulamaları ile kontrolü
- Tez No: 711469
- Danışmanlar: PROF. DR. THOMAS A. ZITTER
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Ziraat, Agriculture
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2003
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: Cornell University
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Bitki Koruma Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Bitki Koruma Bilim Dalı
- Sayfa Sayısı: 125
Özet
Özet yok.
Özet (Çeviri)
Angular leaf spot disease of cucurbits is caused by bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans. The pathogen causes significant crop losses on cucurbits. The bacterium is both soil and seedbome. Disease control is primarily accomplished by applications of copper sprays. However, they are protective rather than eradicative in disease control. Two plant activators, Actigard® and Messenger® were evaluated for control of the pathogen under greenhouse conditions on Blue Hubbard winter squash. Actigard® provided significantly better control; however, some phytotoxicity a]so was observed. Disease control can also be achieved by eliminating bacteria from contaminated seeds. To detect the pathogen in seeds specifically and with high sensitivity, a PCR-based method was investigated. ITS-PCR method was explored to design pathovar-specific primers. Sequence analysis of ITS region of the pathogen showed low similarity among several strains of P. syringae pv. lachrymans, which prevented detection by this method. Pathogenicity of P. syringae pv. lachrymans from different geographical regions was evaluated on cucurbit cultivars belonging to six species. Significant differences in pathogenicity of the strains were found. Strains originating from Hungary cucumber, US buttemut squash, Iran melon and New Zealand melon were used for inoculations. Strains from Hungary cucumber and US butternut squash were more pathogenic than the melon strains from Iran and New Zealand. Although the susceptibility of the plant genotypes to the disease varied between experiments, Cucurbita moschata (butternut squash) at the species level and the cultivar 'Zenith' was found to be most susceptible. Bacterial leaf spot disease of pumpkin is caused by bacterium Xanthomonas cucurbitae. This pathogen is seedborne and can significantly reduce the fruit quality, especially for pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo). Copper hydroxide plus mancozeb, hydrogen peroxide, peroxyacetic acid and sodium hypochlorite were tested to eliminate the pathogen from seeds. Ali chemicals eliminated the pathogen from naturally infected pumpkin seeds except hydrogen peroxide. Effects of the chemicals on seed germination also were tested and no adverse effects on treated seeds were found.
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