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A natural gas abundance with missed opportunities: Interdependence between Turkey, Israel, Greece and Cyprus in Eastern Mediterranean

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  1. Tez No: 795233
  2. Yazar: ALTAY AZİZ ATAMAN
  3. Danışmanlar: PROF. DR. STEPHAN KEUKELEİRE
  4. Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
  5. Konular: Petrol ve Doğal Gaz Mühendisliği, Siyasal Bilimler, Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Political Science
  6. Anahtar Kelimeler: East Mediterranean, Turkey, Israel, Cyprus, Greece, alliances, natural gas, interdependence
  7. Yıl: 2022
  8. Dil: İngilizce
  9. Üniversite: Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (Catholic University of Leuven)
  10. Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
  11. Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  12. Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  13. Sayfa Sayısı: 40

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Özet (Çeviri)

Natural gas discoveries in the Eastern Mediterranean give birth to new dynamics of cooperation and regionalization underpinned by energy. The early discoveries in 2010 in the exclusive economic zone of Israel encouraged other states to accelerate their gas exploration in the region. As additional gas discoveries were found, the question of cooperation in the region for these natural resources became apparent. Numerous scholars and political actors started raising the question of whether these gas discoveries could facilitate the political instability in the region by pushing states to compromise and achieve potential mutual benefit. In the rich literature on East Mediterranean's ever-changing politics, there appears to be a dearth of knowledge considering the lack of applied international relations theories and in-depth analysis of the relationship between the states. This research focuses on the relationship between four key interdependent actors in the region; Turkey, Israel, Greece, and Cyprus. It investigates the factors which inhibit or foster cooperation between the states in the field of natural gas by employing five hypotheses constructed accordingly to the literature review and the ongoing situation in the Eastern Mediterranean. This research examines the political and economic relationship between the states mentioned above through the eyes of neo-liberalism and the complex interdependence theory by employing a case study with a systematic document analysis of the previous studies, actors' statements, and regional developments. It compares the context of the recent normalization efforts in 2022 to the previous years, especially in 2018, when relations between the states are regarded the lowest. The analysis indicates that the blurred line between domestic and foreign policy, no clear arranged agenda in interstate relations, and the dynamics of the gas market allow states to compromise on issues surrounding the Eastern Mediterranean. It points out that states have become more flexible in their external action toward the region due to the Russian-Ukrainian War, Turkey's domestic issues, and the challenge and necessity of transporting these natural gas resources. Moreover, the analysis also points out that the maritime disputes in the Aegean seas and the Cyprus issue remain rigid factors inhibiting potential cooperation.

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