İlk İslami Dönemde Azerbaycan (632-750)
Azerbaijan in the first İslamic Period
- Tez No: 92508
- Danışmanlar: PROF. DR. AHMET AĞIRAKÇA
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Tarih, History
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 1999
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: İstanbul Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Tarih Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Ortaçağ Tarihi Bilim Dalı
- Sayfa Sayısı: 208
Özet
Özet yok.
Özet (Çeviri)
SUMMARY Azerbaijan which has a high population, had its golden age in the middle age, especially in Islamic period. People of Azerbaijan had their first contact with Muslims during Kaddisiya War. In this war, Azerbaijan together with Sâsânî army had 80 000 soldiers. Islamic armies have started attack Azerbaijan since 18/ 639 However these attacks were kind of discovery proposal, in that time, it was the first war (Cermidan war) between Muslims and Azerbaijan in the land of Azerbaijan. Also, the first agreement coincided with the same year. In their first attack, important places such as Kboy, Salmâs and Urmia were occupied by Muslims (20-21/640-41). Main important wars were started after Nahawand victory in the day of 'Omar (13- 23/634-644) Ardabil, Darband, and Mogan were taken under control of Muslims commanders, namely Hodayfa Ibn al-Yaman, Soraqa Ibn Amr, Abd al-Rahman Ibn Rabi'a, Hodayfa Ibn Asîd and Bokayr Ibn Abdallâh. Those places were controlled when rebellion occurred in the day of 'Otman (24- 35/644-656). At that time the leader of Islamic army was Kûfa governor al-Walid Ibn TJqba. al- As'at Ibn Qays al-Kenda and he was appointed as the governor of Azerbaijan. At that stage, the most important conquests were occurred in Arran/Aran which is now called North of Caucasian. The important centers such as Baylaqan, Bardha'a, Shakki, Shamkür, Qabala and Sharvan located in Arran area were taken under control by Muslim commander Salman Ibn Rabi'a. Since 652, a powerful Islamic state has been founded. As in different Islamic societies, a new disagreement have been started in Azerbaijan and Caucasian in the day of AH (35-40/656-66). Byzantine has occupied some places of Georgie, Caucasian by taking advantage of weakness of Muslim societies. Recognization of AH as a khalife by Azerbaijan Muslims and obeying him were the most important events in that period. The leader of Azerbaijan Muslims was the governor al- As'at Ibn Qays then.175 Islamic control in Azerbaijan and Caucasian was started again in the day of Umayyad (41-132/661-749). Time by time in different location rebellion movement was seen and controlled. The most important struggle at that time was against Khazar. Attacks of Khazar against Arran have been increased and continued since 662. At the same time, in that region Armanian rebellion against Muslims was kept going. However, Mohammad Ibn Marwan was appointed as a governor of Azerbaijan, Armenia and al-Jazira and had victories with a large Islamic army at the time of Abd al-Malik (65-86/685-705). Struggle of Khazar became the biggest problem of Muslims in Aras territory at the time of Khalife I. Walid (86-96/705-715). These became the worst in the day of Hisham (105- 125/724-743). Therefore, famous commanders such as Maslama Ibn Abd al-Malik, Jarrah Ibn Abdallah, Sa'id Ibn 'Amr al-Kharashi and Marwan Ibn Mohammad were sent to Azerbaijan and Armania to fight in Khazar wars and control the inhabitants of territory. First Islamic victorries caused Arabic tribe to settle in Azerbaijan. This settlement was started in the period of 'Otman. Governor Azerbaijan al-As'at Ibn Qays at that time settled the dominant Arab Muslims called“al-Ata and Divan”and appointed them to invite people to Islam. After that, Arap Muslims tribes were brought from Kûfa, Basra and Syria and settled in different cities in Azerbaijan. Among the tribes the Azd tribe had the highest population. Following settlement of Muslim Araps in Azerbaijan Islam spreaded all over the country. When they invited people to Islam, first acceptable respond was came from Balasagan Kurdish, Spreading and learning of Islam religion were increased in this country when Khalife AH ordered them. Thus, the latest time of Umayyad, Muslim population was exploded in the south of Azerbaijan. Consequently, this state povided the togetherness of religion, language and ideas in Azerbaijan.
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