Gıda endüstrisinde kullanılan enzimlerdeki tersinir enzimatik dönüşüm performansının membran reaktörlerle geliştirilmesi ve membran reaktörlerde kinetik davranışlarının incelenmesi
Dynamic investigation of reversible enzymatic processes by membran reactors in food industry
- Tez No: 197129
- Danışmanlar: PROF.DR. MEHMET MUTLU
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Gıda Mühendisliği, Food Engineering
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Membrane reactor, immobilised enzyme, High Fructose Corn Syrup(HFCS), Glucose isomerase, plasma polymerisation, fructose selective membrane
- Yıl: 2005
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: Hacettepe Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Gıda Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 89
Özet
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Özet (Çeviri)
The aim of this study is to improve the conversion performance of an reversibleenzymatic process by a membrane reactor system consisting of product selectivemembrane prepared by plasma polymerisation. For this purpose, Glucose isomerase,which converts glucose to fructose, was chosen as model enzyme. Glucoseisomerase is used in the last stage of High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS) production.Since glucose isomerase works reversibly, at the end of the syrup productionprocess, the fructose content cannot precede %42-49 percent. However in foodindustry, syrup with higher fructose content is required. So the fructose content of thesyrup is increased using several techniques such as the separation of glucose andfructose in vast chromatographic columns and condensation. Those treatments arethe main processes which increases the production costs of HFCS. It is well knownthat membrane reactors are useful for reversible enzymatic processes, for it ispossible to remove the product from the reaction vessel and to make the conversionwork on the forward reaction way. By using membrane reactor systems, it is possibleto increase the percent conversion of reversible enzymatic systems.In this study presented therein, the surfaces of polyether sulphone, polycarbonateand cellulose acetate membranes were modified by radio frequency plasmapolymerisation using ethylene diamine and 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate asmonomers at a discharge power of 20 W and exposure time of 10 minutes. Thesurface characteristics of the membranes prior to and after plasma treatment weredetermined by contact angle measurements and Atomic Force Microscopy imaging.The glucose permeabilities of the membranes were determined with a filtrationsystem. The surface characterization and the glucose permeabilities of themembranes altogether, showed that the most effective modification of themembranes were obtained for cellulose acetate membrane. For this reason it hasbeen decided to use cellulose acetate membranes as the model membrane forfurther study. The permselective properties of cellulose acetate membranes weredetermined. The 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate treated membrane showed selectivebehavior towards fructose over glucose. The fructose permeability of this membranewas about 1,8 times higher than its glucose permeability. This membrane was usedin a membrane reactor system. The glucose conversion was determined at differentstirring rates. Maximum conversion was obtained as % 80 glucose for a stirring rateof 160-rpm. This value was higher than the conversion obtained in a continuouslystirred tank reactor system (% 58 glucose conversion) and the column system (% 49glucose conversion) used in the industry.With this study, a fructose selective membrane prepared using radio frequencyplasma polymerisation system with 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate as monomer. Byusing this membrane, a membrane reactor system was constructed. And it wasshown that the conversion of glucose to fructose using glucose isomerase enzymecan be increased with a membrane reactor system incorporating a fructose selectivemembrane.
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