Karayayın (Clarias geriepinus burchell) larvalarında, keseli dönem (prelarva) süresince ve daha sonraki açlık dönemindeki protein, yağ, enerji, aminoasit ve yağ asitleri metabolizması
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 23189
- Danışmanlar: PROF. DR. SARIHAN ERCAN
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Zooloji, Zoology
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 1992
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: Çukurova Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Zootekni Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 156
Özet
123 determined, the contribution of protein (the protein amount does not include the protein coming from chorion) and lipid as energy are 1.55 j and 1.62 j respectively (in this calculation, it is assumed that the depleted amounts were used for 100% energy). The contributions of two components in starvation period were determined as 2.25 j and 0.61 j respectively. As a result of these findings, it was concluded that lipid is an important energy source at yolk sac stage and the beginning of starvation, however protein as energy source is important for all periods. 4. It was determined that the protein percentages of yolk mass is declining very fast after a point. 5. The energy content of one g unfertilized eggs were measured as 25.4 K j. After investigating individual energy contents, it was determined that larvae used 45% of their initial energy reserves in the period between fertilization and just after yolk sac absorption (0-224 P°D). In this period, there is a difference of 22% between the measured energy and calculated energy which is based on depleted protein and lipid. It was thought to be because of the technique of calculation which is not really recommended by many scientists or an addition of carbohydrate and synthesis of glucose. 6. It was observed that larvae were ready to take ambient food at the time of 160-170 P°D (before yolk sac absorption). At this point, it was determined that there is a big decline in the energy contribution of protein at 1 P°D. The analysis of free amino acids showed that the level of EAA and NEAA declined 61.6% and 31.7% respectively after a point of 162 P°D. At the same point, a conspicuous decline primarily in the level of individual free leucine, and also in isoleucine.118 ÖZET Bu çalışmada, halen Wageningen Ziraat üniversitesi. Su ürünleri Bölümünde, bu amaçla üretilen Karayayın (Ç. oariepinus Burchell) larvaları kullanılmıştır. Analizlerin yapılmasında, Wageningen Ziraat üniversitesi. Su ürünleri Bölümü. Hayvan Fizyolojisi Bölümü ve Mikrobiyoloji Bölümü laboratuvarl arından yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmada, yumurtadan keseli dönemin sonuna kadar ve daha sonraki açlık döneminde, yumurta-larva ve embriyo dokusunda protein, yag ve enerj miktarlarının zaman içindeki değişimi incelenmiş, daha sonra ise aminoasit ve yag asitleri bazında konu ele alınarak larval metabolizma konusu aydınlatılmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen önemli bulgular şu şekilde özetlenebilir.- 1. Döllenmemiş yumurtalarda kuru madde, kül ve su oranı sırasıyla fc29.8, %2.14 ve %70.2 olarak saptanmıştır. Yumurtalar döllendikten ve kuluçkalıklara yerleştirildikten sonra, kendi ağırlıklarının %41 ' i oranında suyu perivitelline boşluğuna absorbe ettikleri saptanmıştır. 2. Döllendikten yaklaşık 52 P° D sonra (28 C'de yaklaşık 23 saat), yumurtaların 3>90 oranında kuluçka olduğu, 205 P°D sonra ise (28“C'de yaklaşık 91 saat), yumurta kesesinin tamamen absorbe olduğu belirlenmiştir. 3. Döllenmemiş yumurtalarda, kurumaddedeki protein ve yag oranları ise, sırasıyla *69.7 ve %19.1 olarak saptanmıştır. Keseli dönem boyunca kullanılan protein ve yag miktarının, bütün araştırma boyunca kullanılan toplam protein ve yag içindeki oranları, sırasıyla %43 ve %73 olarak bulunmuştur. Keseli dönemde tüketilen protein ve yag miktarlarının.123 determined, the contribution of protein (the protein amount does not include the protein coming from chorion) and lipid as energy are 1.55 j and 1.62 j respectively (in this calculation, it is assumed that the depleted amounts were used for 100% energy). The contributions of two components in starvation period were determined as 2.25 j and 0.61 j respectively. As a result of these findings, it was concluded that lipid is an important energy source at yolk sac stage and the beginning of starvation, however protein as energy source is important for all periods. 4. It was determined that the protein percentages of yolk mass is declining very fast after a point. 5. The energy content of one g unfertilized eggs were measured as 25.4 K j. After investigating individual energy contents, it was determined that larvae used 45% of their initial energy reserves in the period between fertilization and just after yolk sac absorption (0-224 P°D). In this period, there is a difference of 22% between the measured energy and calculated energy which is based on depleted protein and lipid. It was thought to be because of the technique of calculation which is not really recommended by many scientists or an addition of carbohydrate and synthesis of glucose. 6. It was observed that larvae were ready to take ambient food at the time of 160-170 P°D (before yolk sac absorption). At this point, it was determined that there is a big decline in the energy contribution of protein at 1 P°D. The analysis of free amino acids showed that the level of EAA and NEAA declined 61.6% and 31.7% respectively after a point of 162 P°D. At the same point, a conspicuous decline primarily in the level of individual free leucine, and also in isoleucine.118 ÖZET Bu çalışmada, halen Wageningen Ziraat üniversitesi. Su ürünleri Bölümünde, bu amaçla üretilen Karayayın (Ç. oariepinus Burchell) larvaları kullanılmıştır. Analizlerin yapılmasında, Wageningen Ziraat üniversitesi. Su ürünleri Bölümü. Hayvan Fizyolojisi Bölümü ve Mikrobiyoloji Bölümü laboratuvarl arından yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmada, yumurtadan keseli dönemin sonuna kadar ve daha sonraki açlık döneminde, yumurta-larva ve embriyo dokusunda protein, yag ve enerj miktarlarının zaman içindeki değişimi incelenmiş, daha sonra ise aminoasit ve yag asitleri bazında konu ele alınarak larval metabolizma konusu aydınlatılmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen önemli bulgular şu şekilde özetlenebilir.- 1. Döllenmemiş yumurtalarda kuru madde, kül ve su oranı sırasıyla fc29.8, %2.14 ve %70.2 olarak saptanmıştır. Yumurtalar döllendikten ve kuluçkalıklara yerleştirildikten sonra, kendi ağırlıklarının %41 ' i oranında suyu perivitelline boşluğuna absorbe ettikleri saptanmıştır. 2. Döllendikten yaklaşık 52 P° D sonra (28 C'de yaklaşık 23 saat), yumurtaların 3>90 oranında kuluçka olduğu, 205 P°D sonra ise (28 ”C'de yaklaşık 91 saat), yumurta kesesinin tamamen absorbe olduğu belirlenmiştir. 3. Döllenmemiş yumurtalarda, kurumaddedeki protein ve yag oranları ise, sırasıyla *69.7 ve %19.1 olarak saptanmıştır. Keseli dönem boyunca kullanılan protein ve yag miktarının, bütün araştırma boyunca kullanılan toplam protein ve yag içindeki oranları, sırasıyla %43 ve %73 olarak bulunmuştur. Keseli dönemde tüketilen protein ve yag miktarlarının.
Özet (Çeviri)
122 SUMMARY In this study. African catfish (C_. qariepinus) larvae which are produced in The Department of Fish Culture and Fisheries, Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands, were used. The analysis were done at the laboratories of The Department of Fish Culture and Fisheries, The Department of Animal Physiology and The Department of Microbiology. In the first part of the research, the changes in protein, lipid and energy content of eggs, larva© and embryo which were separated from the yolk mass were investigated during the yolk sac stage and starvation period. In the second part of the research, the analysis were handled in terms of amino acids and fatty acids and then the larval metabolism were tried to be clarified on the basis of amino acids and fatty acids. The major results of the study can be summarize as follows: 1. The percentages of dry matter, ash and water content of unfertilized eggs were found as 29.8%, 2.14* and 70.2% respectively. After swelling, eggs absorbed water as much as 41% of its own weight. 2. After fertilization, eggs were hatched at the rate of 90% after 55 P“D (25 hours at 28 °C). and larvae completely absorbed the yolk mass after 205 P°D (91 hours at 28 ”C). 3. The protein and lipid percentages of unfertilized eggs were found as 69.7% and 19.1% of dry weight respectively. The proportion of the amounts of depleted protein and lipid during the yolk sac stage in depleted protein and lipid during the whole periods were estimated as 43% and 73% respectively. The proportions of the same depleted components in its initial amounts were estimated 28% for protein, 53% for lipid. However the preferential use of lipid during the yolk sac stage were123 determined, the contribution of protein (the protein amount does not include the protein coming from chorion) and lipid as energy are 1.55 j and 1.62 j respectively (in this calculation, it is assumed that the depleted amounts were used for 100% energy). The contributions of two components in starvation period were determined as 2.25 j and 0.61 j respectively. As a result of these findings, it was concluded that lipid is an important energy source at yolk sac stage and the beginning of starvation, however protein as energy source is important for all periods. 4. It was determined that the protein percentages of yolk mass is declining very fast after a point. 5. The energy content of one g unfertilized eggs were measured as 25.4 K j. After investigating individual energy contents, it was determined that larvae used 45% of their initial energy reserves in the period between fertilization and just after yolk sac absorption (0-224 P°D). In this period, there is a difference of 22% between the measured energy and calculated energy which is based on depleted protein and lipid. It was thought to be because of the technique of calculation which is not really recommended by many scientists or an addition of carbohydrate and synthesis of glucose. 6. It was observed that larvae were ready to take ambient food at the time of 160-170 P°D (before yolk sac absorption). At this point, it was determined that there is a big decline in the energy contribution of protein at 1 P°D. The analysis of free amino acids showed that the level of EAA and NEAA declined 61.6% and 31.7% respectively after a point of 162 P°D. At the same point, a conspicuous decline primarily in the level of individual free leucine, and also in isoleucine.122 SUMMARY In this study. African catfish (C_. qariepinus) larvae which are produced in The Department of Fish Culture and Fisheries, Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands, were used. The analysis were done at the laboratories of The Department of Fish Culture and Fisheries, The Department of Animal Physiology and The Department of Microbiology. In the first part of the research, the changes in protein, lipid and energy content of eggs, larva© and embryo which were separated from the yolk mass were investigated during the yolk sac stage and starvation period. In the second part of the research, the analysis were handled in terms of amino acids and fatty acids and then the larval metabolism were tried to be clarified on the basis of amino acids and fatty acids. The major results of the study can be summarize as follows: 1. The percentages of dry matter, ash and water content of unfertilized eggs were found as 29.8%, 2.14* and 70.2% respectively. After swelling, eggs absorbed water as much as 41% of its own weight. 2. After fertilization, eggs were hatched at the rate of 90% after 55 P“D (25 hours at 28 °C). and larvae completely absorbed the yolk mass after 205 P°D (91 hours at 28 ”C). 3. The protein and lipid percentages of unfertilized eggs were found as 69.7% and 19.1% of dry weight respectively. The proportion of the amounts of depleted protein and lipid during the yolk sac stage in depleted protein and lipid during the whole periods were estimated as 43% and 73% respectively. The proportions of the same depleted components in its initial amounts were estimated 28% for protein, 53% for lipid. However the preferential use of lipid during the yolk sac stage were125 accumulated in the system in contrast to the other groups. The same group was also the most accumulated group in embryo during the yolk" sac stage. 12. 18:0 artd 18:ln-9 were found as the most depleted fatty acids in terms of individual base. 22:6n-3 and 16:0 were the most depleted fatty acids in starvation period. 13. The most accumulated fatty acids were listed as 22:6n-3, 16:0, 18:ln-9 and 18:0 in descending order. These fatty acids were also the most depleted fatty acids in starvation period. 14. The synthesis of 20:4n-6, 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 during the yolk sac stage were also ascertained.
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