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Üretim planlama ve bir stok takip programı

Production planning and envanter control programming

  1. Tez No: 39720
  2. Yazar: DURAN YÜCEL
  3. Danışmanlar: DOÇ.DR. ORHAN KURUÜZÜM
  4. Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
  5. Konular: Mühendislik Bilimleri, İşletme, Engineering Sciences, Business Administration
  6. Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
  7. Yıl: 1994
  8. Dil: Türkçe
  9. Üniversite: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi
  10. Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
  11. Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  12. Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  13. Sayfa Sayısı: 110

Özet

DZET Bir işletmenin büyümesinde ve gelişmesinde ürününe olan tabelin ve pazarlamanın dışında en büyük katkı kaynaklarını verimli kullanmasında yatar. Kaynakların iyi kullanılması rekabet ortamlarında en iyi kozlardan biridir. Konuyu üretim açısından ele aldığımız zaman gerekli hammaddeyi, enerjiyi, iş gücünü, doğru yerde ve zamanda temin edebilen istenilen ürünü istenilen kalite, miktar ve zamanda en az fireyle üretebilen firma pazarın hakimi olmaya adaydır. Üretimin verimliliği ve etkinliği organizasyon içerisindeki faaliyetlerin uyumunu temin eden planlama, sağlanan kaynakları en optimum şekilde kullanan imalat ve kalite kontrol bölümünün güçlülüğü ile orantılıdır. Bu çalışma; Genel olarak üretim yönetimi, üretim sistemleri ve üretim planlama hakkında bilgiler verdikten sonra planlama bölümüne destek olacak bir Stok Takip programı içermektedir. Program temel olarak hammadde stok kontrol/ üretim/ mamul stok kontrol ve açıklamalar olmak üzere dört ana bolümden oluşmaktadır. vı

Özet (Çeviri)

PRODUCTION PLANNING AND ENVANTER CONTROL PROGRAMMING SUMMARY Since his creation, man has involved in a kind of production activity of converting the sources in his environment into a better form which is suitable for his own profit. This is an obligation of progress in his life. In order to realize a production activity, there must be some sources to be converted such as land, labour, capital and management. The increasing popula tion, the unlimitedness of the demands and desires of man and the limitedness of the world's potential, on the contrary, are the main reasons for man to use those limited sources in a very productive manner. In the first part of this discussion, in an exten sive introduction, yoru are going to find the basic inputs of production and the definition of the produc tion management. In the second part, the products and the production systems are explained, and the production invantory system, the development of production technology and management are discussed. The producers are divided into six groups and fields of activities and their definitions are given. Those groups are basic producers, converting producers, manu factures, standart fitters, conditioned standard moun ters and mounters dependant on customer. Following this, the production systems are studied. The planning and controlling of a production activity is a production management activity which includes the evaluation, defining, and arrangements of the means of vnproduction. Therefore, the production planning is a pre-production activity which is used in order to decide what product is to be produced, what equipments are necessary, and to prepare the tables which enable the products to be manufactured in the right and required quantity. The objective is tD minimize the loss of sources and to increase yield. The planning and controlling of production shown certain alterations depending on the type of the system. In the second part of the second chapter, the subjects related to the production depending Dn order and its sub-branches, the production of a small amount of product in one case, the production of a small amount of product in defined intervals depending on order and the produc tion of a small amount of the product in undefined inter vals depending on orders are handled individually and studied from the point of view of its comformity with the production planning activities. Continue production is compared to the discontinue duction, and advantages and disadvantages are clarified. The subject of mass production, or in other words the quantity production, is studied, and in Table 1, the discontiune and continue production systems, produc tion quantity, the machines and equipment used, location arrangements, office arrangements, labour and work pre paration activities, transportation, maintenance are compared from the point of view of capacity. As a matter of fact, it is rather difficult to discriminate such production types from eac h other in a plant. It is usually possible to see more than one production type in a plant working simultaneously. The right definition of the production type forms the basis of the production planning and control system. Different problems that rises from the structural differences of the production types orients the planning and control activities. The raw material and the components that are purc hased for production, the semi-products formed during the production and the final products make up the inventory. The cost of inventory, similiar to the labour, machinary and overhead costs, in an undesired costs for the company. The sources of the formation of the inventory costs, can be listed as follows: Disaccordance of teh supplying sources and the production process, lack of harmony in the time and quantity elements in the respective stations of the production process and the vxiilack of harmony between the supply and demand. In this discussion, those reansons mentioned above and possible similiar reasons that create inventory problems are studied and the decisions which the manager will be obliged to make in the near and far future are examined in a list. The development of the production technology is detail and a chronology is prepared for the mass produc tion. The historicol development of the production mana gement is studied starting from Adam Smith till the present day. lish must stra subj vita plan futu done an u what fact pres must pres Planning ment shoul prepare i tegy in or ects. The bly effect s must not re, but se in the pr ndefined f will happ ors must b ent decisi be consid ent decisi is a d ado t 's a der t futu the be i archi esent uture en in e con ons a ered ons s fütur pt a ctivi o con re or prese mposi ng fo time. Th the sider nd ac and h imult e orı speci ty pl form iente nt de ng u)h r an in o e pro fütur ed in tivit ouj th anous ente fic ans with d uıo cisi at s an su rder blem e, b the ies, ey m ly. d act way o in ac the rks a ons. hould er ta to b is n ut to appl or w ill b ivity f beh çorda near nd pl The be d what e rea ot to know icati hich e ref An aviour nce wi and f o ans wi aims o Dne in shoul dy to predi which on of time p lected estab- and th the r future 11 ine- f the the d be expose et future the eriods to the The planning activity can be divided into four groups with respect to the time period it covers, the level of exploiting the sources, organisation quality and the risk it carries. The top management is respon sible for the long term planning which bears the highest management risk, carries the responsibilities of all of the sources of the establishment and motivates them. The lower level management organizes the human sources and plans the short term activities which doesn't bear much responsibility. In the beginning of the third part, the stages and the importance of the production planningis explained, and the important points an the methods that must be considered in preparing a production plan are explained. IXThere are three periods in the production planning short period, middle period and long period. The middle period planning, known as the basic planning, is between 1 month-1 year. The determination of the production speed and the labour force level, thus specifying the final production, stock level, and deciding whether to make overtime or sub-contract the work in order to meet the demands are all the subjects of the middle planning period. Generally, the product planning and controll elements can be analysed under three major topics. Those are preliminary planning, planning and control. The preli minary planning consits of consumer's researches, sale projections, product designs and developments, investment policy, and office arrangements. In the study, the preliminary planning is analysed in details, demand pro jection and demand projection principles and methods are examined. The production level which is realised or should be realised by any production system is accepted as the capacity of that system. In general, capacity is defined with the quantity Df production realised in a certaion time period. The basic difficulty faced iin measuring the capacity is due to the variety of the products produced in the plant. A major factor that must be considered while measuring the capacity of a system is the alterations which the activity and scrap factors imply on the usage of the machinery and equip ment. The activity factor is used to express the time loss due to the delays in putting in rows, maintenance, breaks in machinery and similiar reasons. The scrap factor is used to express the losses that occures during the production activities. Towards the end of the third part, the work, method and measurements of work are studied and defined in general lines. In theplanning part, the planning is divided into two major topics: Source oriented planning and planning of the work. Within this article, the material, methods, machinery and average projection prog rammes are studied. The management of production planning and control differs from the other departments by having the statue of being the chief of the staff in the organisation. The product planning and control unit has an horizantalrelation with the production unit. The production mana ger gives the production plan which is prepared by the product planning and control unit as a job order to his staff. There should be sufficient communication between the production management and the product planning and control management. In general, a programme with a certain emphasis on the inventory control is prepared after the studying of the product planning and control together with the control concept. The case, study starts with the general description, the analysing of the machinery and equipment together with the flow charts of a rubber plant and continues with the information about the general operation of the plant. The computer programme section consists of three parts. The first part calculates the orders and the material requirements, the second part calculates the raw material stock and the third part is responsible of the product stock. The programme is rpepared for a rubber plant and the material coding and definitions are developed accor dingly. When the coding of the material and the product are studied, it is easily understood to which group and part it belongs. The programme is prepared in GUI BASIC Language and it provides the possibility to add produc tion dt line balance programmes. This thesis is a brief work which comprises the activities in on establishment with related subject and it aims to study this subject in general lines without going deep into the details of the product planning and control unit. XI

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