Essays on the economic determinants and impacts of migration: The roles of broadband connectivity, industry-level productivity and human capital
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- Tez No: 402711
- Danışmanlar: PROF. ANINDYA BANERJEE, DR. MARCO ERCOLANI
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Ekonomi, Economics
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2015
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: The University of Birmingham
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 194
Özet
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Özet (Çeviri)
This thesis investigates various aspects of e/migration. Its focus is on examining the motivation behind individuals' decision to migrate, the impact of migration on the host countries' economies, and finally the impact of high skilled emigration on the human capital level in origin countries. In our analyses, wherever possible, we attempt to distinguish among origin countries in terms of OECD and non-OECD origins, EU and non-EU origins, the skill level of e/migrants as well as the level of well-being of the origin countries. To begin with, Chapter 1 investigates whether ICT facilitates migration flows from OECD to OECD countries, as well as non-OECD to OECD countries based on the magnitude of the flows, examining those with a thresholds 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 flows that are more than an equal to 100, 300 and 500 people, respectively. Our non-linear instrumental approach to broadband penetration rates find a positive and strong effect on migration flows. This effect appears to be even stronger for non-OECD to OECD flows in comparison to OECD to OECD flows. The results improve above the larger (that is 0.5) constraint. Chapter 2 concludes that the results for the UK showed that migration has a positive and significant effect on the productivity of industries in the long run, particularly those who are highly educated non-EU migrants. For Spain, the effect of migration on the productivity of firms both in the short run and long run seems to be positive in most cases. As to the Netherlands, the effect of migration on productivity in the short run is positive and significant for EU migrants only. Due, mainly, to limited observations, the results for Germany do not show any significant changes in productivity with migration, although the direction of change is positive. Various findings are presented in order to distinguish between EU and non-EU origins as well as the skill level of migrants. Chapter 3 contributes an insightful panel data analysis of human capital and high skilled emigration for 74 origin countries from 1980 to 2000 with a five-year frequency. In contrast to Beine et al.'s (2011) first panel data analysis of the same dataset, we find a significant negative brain drain impact of high skilled emigration across countries sampled. This is due, mainly, to the fact that the origin countries sampled and the additional control variables used in our analysis.
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