Toplam kalite yönetimi ve bir uygulama
Total quality management
- Tez No: 46237
- Danışmanlar: DOÇ.DR. MEHMET TANYAŞ
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Endüstri ve Endüstri Mühendisliği, Industrial and Industrial Engineering
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 1995
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: 171
Özet
ÖZET Günümüzde rekabetin şans ve tehlike getirdiği bir ortamda kalite, rekabeti yenme şartlarından biri haline gelmiştir. Kalite, müşteri tatmininin beklenen ve olası ihtiyaçlara yansımasıdır. I. Bölümde Kalite Kavramı anlatılırken, II. Bölümde Kalite Kontrol Kavramı anlatılmıştır. Kalite Kontrolü, muayene ile aynı anlamda düşünmek gerekir. Kalite Güven ce sistemi II. Bölümde tanıtılmıştır. Organizasyon, po litika, prosedür, talimat ve ek dokümanların oluşturduğu sistemin sistematik ve planlı uygulama biçimidir. Kali te Güvence Sisteminin belgelenmesi, seçilen standardın uygunluk, etkinlik ve yeterlilik derecesinin önemini ile ölçülür. Toplam Kalite Yönetimi, müşteri tatmininin çalışan ların tatmini ile birlikte sağlanmasıdır. Günümüzde Çevre Yönetim Sistemleri Toplam Kalite Yönetiminin bir parçasını oluşturmaktadır. Uygulama ise, Türkiye'nin en büyük yemeklik yağ üre- tecisinde yapılmış olup, Kalite Güvence Standartlarına paralel olarak incelenmiştir. vı
Özet (Çeviri)
TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT SUMMARY Total Quality Management is to produce the product or service at one time with zero error and to satisfy the customer's requirements Total Quality Management can be taught as a process which contains all the activites from purchasing of the raw materials to the after sales servi ces. Total Quality Management is identified as an effec tive system which integrates the quality development, quality maintenance and quality improvement efforts of various groups in an organization to produce products and services that will ensure the full customer satisfaction on the most economical level. The Total Quality Management has been improved by Japanese who were very bad economical situation after World War II. In 195D, the quality control experts from U.S. A taught Japanese the principles of the statistical quality control. UJith the methods of Quality Control, the Japanese have begun to control the to control the production process and to decrease the costs by improving the quality. But the problems were not only on the production process. It can not be talked about the pro duct in good quality if; - the requirents of the customers are not known completely. - the products are not designed according to custo mer's requirements. - the production method are not chosen correctly. - the produced goads are not well-marketed even if they are perfect. Therefore, in 1954 it was understood that the quality could not be obtained only and completedly in the production and not only the quality control department is Vllresponsible for the quality but also every department in the company especially top management is responsible for the quality. Thus the concept of the total quality management has been borned and implemented in Japan. In the first chapter, a general description of quality is given. As a result of the industrial progress, nowadays quality concept interests everybody such as product designer, engineer, manager, producer and consumer. Quality may be defined in the general term as the suitability degree of the product or service to the expected usage goal. This goalis relative and varies from people to people depending on their meeds, time and payment possibilities. There are some factors that affect product or service quality other than consumer expectations, these include competition, sale policies, usage goal of the product or service, price, delisery date, product design, materials, machines, tools and equipment used, inspection operations, etc. These factors con be collected under 2 main class, such as design quality and conformity quality. Design quality considers physical addition to operation characteristics. Design quality, which includes dimension, weight, volume und aline physical qualities, is based on measurements. Conformity quality is the performance degree of the sepecif ications determined by design quality in the manufacturing process. In the second chapter, Quality Control is defined as the achievement procedure to the industrial quality aim. Another definition may be that quality control is a science which presents the manufacture of bad products. Quality control generally has four steps as follows: 1- Implementation of standards: Identification of cost-quality, performance-quality and reliability-quality standarts that are necessary for the product. 2- Evaluation of suitability: Determination of the suitability of quality characteristics of the manufactures product to the predetermined standards. Vlll3- Taking corrective actions: Whenever a significat deviation from standards occurs, required corrective actions are taken. k- Improvement planning: Development of the cost, performance and reliability standards about quality and research of new methods and technology possibilities. Quality Control is a function that interest all departments invarying degrees. It should not be thought that quality control comprises only inspection operations or it's a group of activities which are performed in a specific department of the company. The third chapter deals with quality assurance. Quality Assurance is a result of some needs that were brought by industrial and social developments. Quality Assurance can be defined as an integration of planned, technical and organization measures used for reaching the quality level determined in the quality policy of the company. Quality Assurance applications are usulally certificated according to the international standards ISO 9Q0Q series. In this way, a company can reliese of the stress created by the expertise requests of the customers. In the fourth chapter, Total Quality Management is examined. in the begining, the Total Quality System contained General Manager, Managers, Personel, Formen, workers and valeuman but in the last years. The contests of the Total Quality system has been expanded as including the subcontractors, distributor companies. The main aims of the Total Quality Management are; - To improve the dynamism and The structure of the company. - To obtain zerro error in the production or in the service by establishing the quality assurance system which are based on the cooperation of all personnel. IX- to gain the confidence of the customers. - to reach the highest quality level in the world. - to develop new products in order to realize these aims. The philosophy of the Total Quality Management is based on some main principles. These principles are like belou). Reforming Speed. The Organizational Structure. Implementation of the Total Quality Management Planning. Continious improvement Definition of the problems. Whole participation To obtain % 100 quality The application of appreciation To meet the customer's requirements completely. To prevent the error before occuring instead of final inspection. In the fifth and last chapter, there is an examina tion of one of the greatest company in Turkey produced edible oil and fatty acid, about Total Quality Management. In the conclusion chapter, what Total Quality Management brings into the companies in Turkey is discussed. ISO 14000. An Environmental Management Road Map. Unlike ISO 9000, which has several quality codes to register for, ISO 14001 will be the only code for regist ration. Codes 14000 to 14044 are meant as registrant quidelmes only.Guidance An introduction to environmental rnanage- I5Q 14000 ment; aduce on low to set up or improve EMS. Specification Identifies andspecifies the core elements ISO 1 4001 of EMS, Standard for registration purposes, Auditing Series for internal and external auditors. ISD 14010-12 Defines principles and procedures for auditing for companies and auditors. Initial Guideline far establishing a baseline Review hou a company is performing and deter mines priorities for improving environ mental performence. This cade is not yet being developed. Site Assesment Determines existing conditions of sites, ISO 14015 including level of contamination for remediation purposes code not yet being developed. Environmental Describes labeling principles such as Labeling self-declarations of environmental ISO 14020-24 benefits of products. Environmental In tended to measure performance over- Performence time. Shows trends in company's environ- IS0 14031 mental performance. Life Cycle Develops methodolgy for establishing a ISO 14041-44 prodset's life cycle, including assesment of environmental impacts and inprovement analysis. XI
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